Who likes extraverts? Re-examining motivational tradeoff effects in social perception

Jaeger, Bastian; Jones, Alex L.; Satchell, Liam; Schild, Christoph; Leeuwen, Florian van

doi:10.31234/osf.io/aehp8

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Notably, Shiramizu et al (2019) noticed that most studies focussing on facial correlates of the Dark Triad were using the same dataset (the Faceaurus), and they conducted a (true) replication by generating a new stimulus set. Similarly, Jaeger et al (2021) conducted preregistered replications of studies exploring the perception of extraverted-looking individuals 4 where they used new stimuli sets in addition to the Faceaurus dataset, and discussed various kinds of limitations. Holtzman added the link to a blog post discussing the false-positive inflation issue in studies using face prototypes (DeBruine, 2020) on his website https://nickholtzman.com/faceaurus/ ('Faceaurus', 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methodological issues when using face prototypes: A case study on the Faceaurus dataset

2022

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Prototype faces, created by averaging faces from several individuals sharing a common characteristic (for example a certain personality trait), can be used for highly informative experimental designs in face research. Although the facial prototype method is both ingenious and useful, we argue that its implementation is associated with three major issues: lack of external validity and non-independence of the units of information, both aggravated by a lack of transparency regarding the methods used and their limitations. Here, we describe these limitations and illustrate our claims with a systematic review of studies creating facial stimuli using the prototypes dataset “Faceaurus”(Holtzman, 2011). We then propose some solutions that can eliminate or reduce these problems. We provide recommendations for future research employing this method on how to produce more generalisable and replicable results.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methodological issues when using face prototypes: A case study on the Faceaurus dataset

2022

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“…conducted preregistered replications of studies exploring the perception of extraverted-looking individuals (Jaeger et al, 2021) 3 where they used new stimuli sets in addition to the Faceaurus dataset, and discussed various kinds of limitations. Holtzman added the link to a blog post discussing the false-positive inflation issue in studies using face prototypes (DeBruine, 2020b) in his website ("Faceaurus," 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methodological issues when using face prototypes: A case study on the Faceaurus dataset

Bovet¹,

Tognetti²,

Pollet³

2021

Preprint

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Prototype faces, created by averaging faces from several individuals sharing a common characteristic (for example a certain personality trait), can be used for highly informative experimental designs in face research. Although the facial prototype method is both ingenious and useful, in this paper we argue that its implementation is associated with two major issues: pseudoreplication and lack of external validity, both aggravated by a lack of transparency regarding the methods used and their limitations. Here, we describe these limitations and illustrate our claims with a systematic review of studies creating facial stimuli using the prototypes dataset “Faceaurus”(Holtzman, 2011). We then propose some solutions that can eliminate or reduce these problems and consequently improve on how the facial prototype method is being used. We provide recommendations for future research employing this method on how to produce more generalisable and replicable results.

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“…For example, people are motivated to avoid others who are perceived to pose infection risks (Millar et al, 2020; Murray & Schaller, 2016; Park et al, 2013). Moreover, dispositional disease concerns are linked with reduced preferences for extraverted faces (Brown & Sacco, 2016; but see Jaeger et al, 2021). Finally, contextual cues of disease salience (e.g., viewing images, watching movie clips, reading a paragraph, or recalling past experience about infectious disease) lower state extraversion scores (Mortensen et al, 2010), reduce state need to belong (Sacco et al, 2014), increase participants’ avoidant movement from photos of other people (Mortensen et al, 2010), and decrease romantic interest in potential partners (Sawada et al, 2018).…”

Section: Infectious Disease Threat May Not Moderate Exclusion Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do cues of infectious disease shape people’s affective responses to social exclusion?

Ren¹,

Wesselmann²,

Loh³

et al. 2023

Emotion

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Social exclusion triggers aversive reactions (e.g., increased negative affect), but being excluded may bring substantial benefits by reducing pathogen exposure associated with social interactions. Is exclusion less aversive when cues of infectious diseases are salient in the environment? We conducted two preregistered experiments with a 2 (belonging status: included vs. excluded) 3 2 (disease salience: low vs. high) design, using scenarios (Study 1, N = 347) and a well-validated exclusion paradigm, Cyberball (Study 2, N = 519). Positive affect and negative affect were measured as the key outcomes. Across the 2 studies, we found little evidence that disease salience moderated the effect of exclusion (vs. inclusion) on positive affect. At the same time, we observed consistent evidence that disease salience moderated the effect of exclusion (vs. inclusion) on the other affective component: negative affect. Concretely, disease salience increased participants' negative affect in inclusion conditions; in exclusion conditions, the effect of disease salience on negative affect was negligible or nearly zero. Using a novel and robust approach of mediation analysis (interventional indirect effects), we further showed that the motive of disease avoidance rivals the motive of affiliation in shaping people's experiences of social interactions. These findings suggest that cues of disease salience alter people's affective experience with inclusion but not exclusion. The current research represents an important step toward understanding people's affective responses to social exclusion and inclusion in complex social situations involving multiple, and potentially conflicting motives.

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Who likes extraverts? Re-examining motivational tradeoff effects in social perception

Cited by 5 publications

References 49 publications

Methodological issues when using face prototypes: A case study on the Faceaurus dataset

Methodological issues when using face prototypes: A case study on the Faceaurus dataset

Methodological issues when using face prototypes: A case study on the Faceaurus dataset

Do cues of infectious disease shape people’s affective responses to social exclusion?

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