Who make transparent ZnO colorful? – Ion implantation and thermal annealing effects

Chen, Y.N.; Zheng, Changcheng; Ning, Jiqiang; Wang, R.X.; Ling, C. C.; Xu, Shijie

doi:10.1016/j.spmi.2016.02.022

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…All of above can be summarised to the imperative role played by the acceptors. Most recent research on this subject reinforce or confirm previous argument [12,[15][16][17][18][19][20]. So far descriptive explanations have been provided on the various mechanisms making ZnO exhibit visible luminescence.…”

supporting

confidence: 78%

On the double-band luminescence of ZnO nanoparticles

2017

EPL

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Two luminescence bands from zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles have been known and experimentally observed previously. The unanswered question is the mechanism leading to the visible spectrum in the blue or green region. So far there have been many postulations trying to elucidate this phenomenon, but none of them gives a mathematical expression that simultaneously expresses these two spectra. Here we interpret this phenomenon as the combination of distribution functions and the density of states of electrons and holes, precisely the product of the both. From the analysis, the narrow UV emission is predominantly attributed to the quantum confinement, and the product of the density of states and the distribution functions determines the visible spectrum. We find that varying the density and the effective mass of holes causes pronounced effect on both UV and visible, which reflects the fact of acceptors taking the main responsibility in the experimental observations.

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supporting

confidence: 78%

On the double-band luminescence of ZnO nanoparticles

2017

EPL

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“…Native point defects and extrinsic impurities 20 21 22 23 as well as surface states in nano- and micro-structures 24 25 have been proposed as candidates of GL centers while a unified consensus has not been reached. The sources of GL in ZnO may not be unique, but it was convinced that the trace amount of copper impurity in ZnO (Cu Zn ) can produce a strong structured GL band 26 27 28 29 30 . The copper induced GL has distinguishable fine structures at low temperatures, featured by two sets of periodic structures with a constant energy interval of ~30 meV.…”

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confidence: 99%

Excitation Dependent Phosphorous Property and New Model of the Structured Green Luminescence in ZnO

Tang

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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The copper induced green luminescence (GL) with two sets of fine structures in ZnO crystal has been found for several decades (i.e., R. Dingle, Phys. Rev. Lett. 23, 579 (1969)), but the physical origin of the doublet still remains as an open question up to now. In this paper, we provide new insight into the mechanism of the structured GL band in terms of new experimental findings and theoretical calculations. It is found, for the first time, that the GL signal exhibits persistent afterglow for tens of minutes after the switch-off of below-band-gap excitation light but it cannot occur under above-band-gap excitation. Such a phosphorous property may be interpreted as de-trapping and feeding of electrons from a shallow trapping level via the conduction band to the Cu-related luminescence centers where the Cu3+ ion is proposed to work as the final state of the GL emission. From first-principles calculation, such a Cu3+ ion in wurtzite ZnO prefers a high spin 3d8 state with two non-degenerated half-filled orbitals due to the Jahn-Teller effect, probably leading to the double structures in photoluminescence spectrum. Therefore, this model gives a comprehensively new understanding on the mechanism of the structured GL band in ZnO.

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“…One is the structureless GL band, while the other is the structured GL band with periodic fine structures. For the structured GL, the Cu ions (unintentionally or intentionally doped) have been firmly demonstrated to be responsible for it 9,18,19,22,41,42 . However, for the structureless GL band, which could be the most often seen color emission in various ZnO, very scattered origins, e.g.…”

Section: Gl Ol Rl Ex325 Ex385 Ex450mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, we employed the research-grade ZnO single crystals (e.g. with visible emission intensity 4 orders of magnitude lower than that of the near-band-edge UV emission at low temperature) + ion-implantation technique + underdamped multimode Brownian oscillator model simulations to the visible emissions to determine the two pure electron transitions of 2.92 eV and 2.40 eV for the green + red luminescence band 13,16,18 . From these studies and combining with theoretical results, V Zn is most likely the origin of this 2.92 eV pure electronic transition, while V Zn -V O di-vacancy complex shall be responsible for the 2.40 eV pure electronic transition.…”

Section: Gl Ol Rl Ex325 Ex385 Ex450mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To elucidate so complicated problem of defects in ZnO, the proper choice of research-grade single crystals as the beginning sample could be a good idea 13,[16][17][18][19] . On the other hand, recent development in more elaborate hybrid density functional theory calculation is also very helpful to update the understanding of defects in ZnO [20][21][22] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Probing defects in ZnO by persistent phosphorescence

Ye¹,

Su²,

Tang³

et al. 2018

Opto-Electronic Advances

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Native point defects in ZnO are so complicated that most of them are still debating issues, although they have been studied for decades. In this paper, we experimentally reveal two sub-components usually hidden in the low energy tail of the main broad green luminescence band peaking at 547 nm (~2.267 eV) in intentionally undoped ZnO single crystal by selecting the below-band-gap (BBG) optical excitations (e.g. light wavelengths of 385 nm and 450 nm). Moreover, both sub-components are manifested as long persistent phosphorescence once the BBG excitations are removed. With the aid of a newly developed model, the energy depths of two electron traps involved within the long lived orange luminescence are determined to be 44 meV and 300 meV, respectively. The candidates of these two electron traps are argued to be most likely hydrogen and zinc interstitials in ZnO.

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Who make transparent ZnO colorful? – Ion implantation and thermal annealing effects

Cited by 6 publications

References 26 publications

On the double-band luminescence of ZnO nanoparticles

On the double-band luminescence of ZnO nanoparticles

Excitation Dependent Phosphorous Property and New Model of the Structured Green Luminescence in ZnO

Probing defects in ZnO by persistent phosphorescence

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