WHO Neuropsychiatric AIDS Study, Cross-sectional Phase II

Maj, Mario; Satz, Paul; Janssen, Robert S.; Zaudig, Michael; Starace, Fabrizio; D'Elia, Lou; Sughondhabirom, B.; Mussa, M; Naber, Dieter; Ndetei, David M.; Schulte, George; Sartorius, Norman

doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1994.03950010051007

Cited by 248 publications

(174 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…• Visuaconstructional: Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure (Lezak, 1983) • Verbal and nonverbal memory: (I) Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT; Lczak, 1983); (2) WHO-UCLA Auditory Verbal Learning Test (Maj et al, 1994); ( • Language: Boston Naming Test (BNT; Kaplan ct al., 1978) • Executive Functioning: Verbal Fluency (FAS; Bcnton & deS Hamsber, 1976;Boone et al, 1990); Stroop Test (Stroop, 1935;Boone et al, 1990) 41.0 ±40.7 («= 13) 6.7 ± 2.8 (« = 6) 4.8 ± 4.2 (n = 6) 11.5 ±2.4 The choice of tests was limited by the constraints of existing data sets, and not all subjects completed all tests.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of neuropsychological functioning in Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia

Pachana

Boone

Miller

et al. 1996

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

142

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Neuropsychological changes distinguishing mild Alzheimer's disease (AD) from frontotemporal dementia (FTD) have been described, but empirical verification of differential cognitive characteristics is lacking. Archival neuropsychological data on 15 FTD patients, 16 AD patients, and 16 controls were compared. Controls outperformed both patient groups on measures of verbal and nonverbal memory, executive ability, and constructional skill, with AD patients showing more widespread memory decline. No differences were found between the 3 groups in confrontation naming, recognition memory, or basic attention. Patient groups differed only •n nonverbal memory, with FTD patients performing significantly better than AD patients. However, patient groups also differed in pattern of performance across executive and memory domains. Specifically, AD patients exhibited significantly greater impairment on memory than executive tasks, whereas the opposite pattern characterized the rTD group. These findings suggest that examination of relative rankings of scores across cognitive domains, in addition to interpretation of individual neuropsychological scores, may be useful in differential diagnosis of FTD versus AD. (JINS, 1996, 2, 505-510.)

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of neuropsychological functioning in Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia

Pachana

Boone

Miller

et al. 1996

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

142

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…With a few notable exceptions (Maj et al, 1993(Maj et al, , 1994Yang et al, 1999;Yepthomi et al, 2006), most NP research with HIV+ populations has been conducted in Western countries, usually with NP tests that were standardized in English. It is unclear whether their results will generalize to other parts of the world, where the HIV epidemic has reached massive proportions, and where the specific manifestations of HIV-associated brain disease are largely unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurobehavioral effects of HIV-1 infection in China and the United States: A pilot study

Cysique

Jin

Franklin

et al. 2007

J. Inter. Neuropsych. Soc.

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The HIV epidemic in China has been increasing exponentially, yet there have been no studies of the neurobehavioral effects of HIV infection in that country. Most neuroAIDS research has been conducted in Western countries using Western neuropsychological (NP) methods, and it is unclear whether these testing methods are appropriate for use in China. Twenty-eight HIV seropositive (HIV+) and twenty-three HIV seronegative (HIV−) individuals with comparable gender, age, and education distributions were recruited in Beijing and the rural Anhui province in China. Thirtynine HIV+ and thirty-one HIV− individuals were selected from a larger U.S. cohort recruited at the HIV Neurobehavioral Research Center, in San Diego, to be matched to the Chinese sample for age, disease status, and treatment variables. The NP test battery used with the U.S. and China cohorts included instruments widely used to study HIV infection in the United States. It consisted of 14 individual test measures, each assigned to one of seven ability areas thought to be especially vulnerable to effects of HIV on the brain (i.e., verbal fluency, abstraction/executive function, speed of information processing, working memory, learning, delayed recall, and motor function). To explore the cross-cultural equivalence and validity of the NP measures, we compared our Chinese and U.S. samples on the individual tests, as well as mean scaled scores for the total battery and seven ability domains. On each NP test measure, the mean of the Chinese HIV+ group was worse than that of the HIV−group. A series of 2 × 2 analyses of variance involving HIV+ and HIV− groups from both countries revealed highly significant HIV effects on the Global and all Domain mean scaled scores. Country effects appeared on two of the individual ability areas, at least partly due to education differences between the two countries. Importantly, the absence of HIV-by-Country interactions suggests that the NP effects of HIV are similar in the two countries. The NP test battery that was chosen and adapted for use in this study of HIV in China appears to have good cross-cultural equivalence, but appropriate Chinese norms will be needed to identify disease-related impairment in individual Chinese people. To inform the development of such norms, a much larger study of demographic effects will be needed, especially considering the wide range of education in that country.

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“…Similar, previous studies involved male homosexuals and did not demonstrate a positive correlation between depression and AIDS-related symptoms. 3,[7][8][9] This suggests that AIDS symptoms trigger depressive episodes more often in women than in male homosexuals.…”

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confidence: 99%

Depression in women infected with HIV

Mello

Malbergier

2006

Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr.

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Depression in women infected with HIV Depressão em mulheres infectadas pelo HIVA b s t r a c t Objective: The number of women with HIV infection has been on the rise in recent years, making studies of the psychiatric aspects of this condition very important. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of major depression in women with HIV infection. Method: A total of 120 women were studied, 60 symptomatic (with AIDS symptoms) and 60 asymptomatic (without AIDS symptoms). Sociodemographic data were collected, and depressive disorders were identified. The instruments used to evaluate the depressive disorders were the SCID, DSM-IV, 17-item Hamilton depression scale, Hamilton depression scale for nonsomatic symptoms and the Beck depression scale. Results: The prevalence of major depression was 25.8% and was higher in the symptomatic group than in the asymptomatic group (p = 0.002). Conclusions: The prevalence of major depressive episodes in women with HIV infection is high, and women with AIDS-related symptoms are more often depressed than are those who have never presented such symptoms.Keywords: AIDS serodiagnosis; Adjustment disorders; Female; Classification; Statistics and numerical data Resumo Objetivo: Devido ao aumento do número de mulheres infectadas pelo HIV, no Brasil e no mundo, torna-se necessária a realização de estudos que abordem os aspectos psiquiátricos dessa população. Esse estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a prevalência de depressão maior atual e outros transtornos depressivos em mulheres infectadas pelo HIV e comparar essa prevalência entre um grupo de pacientes sintomáticas e outro de assintomáticas. Método: Utilizou-se um desenho de estudo transversal que avaliou 120 mulheres portadoras do HIV divididas em dois grupos de 60 pacientes, de acordo com a presença, em algum momento da vida, de sintomas relacionados à AIDS (sintomáticas e assintomáticas). Foram avaliadas variáveis sociodemográficas e variáveis relacionadas aos transtornos depressivos. Foram utilizados na avaliação psiquiátrica dos transtornos depressivos o SCID-DSM-IV, escala de Hamilton-17, escala de Hamilton não somática e o inventário de Beck. Resultados: Os resultados mostram uma prevalência de 25,8% de depressão maior atual, sendo maior nas pacientes sintomáticas em relação às assintomáticas (p = 0,002). Conclusões: Os resultados mostram uma alta prevalência de depressão nas mulheres infectadas pelo HIV.

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WHO Neuropsychiatric AIDS Study, Cross-sectional Phase II

Abstract: These data suggest that the risk of subtle cognitive deficits may be increased in asymptomatic stages of HIV-1 infection. However, these deficits are not associated with neurologic changes and do not seem to affect subjects' social functioning.

Cited by 248 publications

References 29 publications

Comparison of neuropsychological functioning in Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia

Comparison of neuropsychological functioning in Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia

Neurobehavioral effects of HIV-1 infection in China and the United States: A pilot study

Depression in women infected with HIV

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