Who receives influenza vaccinations at the Pharmacy? An analysis of the Texas Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System

Olatunji, Eniola; Ogunsola, Ayobami S.; Khodakarami, Nima; Callaghan, Timothy

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.04.016

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 28 publications

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“…Although immunization has been traditionally executed by family physicians, the needs of today's world point toward more flexible healthcare systems that adapt to the patients' needs, provide equal access, and reduce patients lost in the healthcare system. For instance, Ernst et al (94) concluded that patients living in smaller towns are more likely to receive vaccinations in nontraditional settings, such as community healthcare departments, school nurses, and pharmacies, confirming the disparities in vaccination rates between race, place of residence, and employment status (95). It is therefore important to try and evaluate how PBI can help cope with these emerging needs and overcome the limits of traditional immunization.…”

Section: Discussion and Future Research Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacy-based immunization: a systematic review

Romero-Mancilla

Mora-Vargas

Ruíz

2023

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundThe coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has prompted the exploration of new response strategies for such health contingencies in the near future. Over the last 15 years, several pharmacy-based immunization (PBI) strategies have emerged seeking to exploit the potential of pharmacies as immunization, medication sale, and rapid test centers. However, the participation of pharmacies during the last pandemic was very uneven from one country to another, suggesting a lack of consensus on the definition of their roles and gaps between the literature and practice.PurposeThis study aimed to consolidate the current state of the literature on PBI, document its progress over time, and identify the gaps not yet addressed. Moreover, this study seeks to (i) provide new researchers with an overview of the studies on PBI and (ii) to inform both public health and private organization managers on the range of possible immunization models and strategies.MethodologyA systematic review of scientific qualitative and quantitative studies on the most important scientific databases was conducted. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyzes guidelines were followed. Finally, this study discusses the trends, challenges, and limitations on the existing literature on PBI.FindingsMust studies concluded that PBI is a beneficial strategy for the population, particularly in terms of accessibility and territorial equity. However, the effectiveness of PBI is affected by the economic, political, and/or social context of the region. The collaboration between the public (government and health departments) and private (various pharmacy chains) sectors contributes to PBI's success.OriginalityUnlike previous literature reviews on PBI that compiled qualitative and statistical studies, this study reviewed studies proposing mathematical optimization methods to approach PBI.

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Section: Discussion and Future Research Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacy-based immunization: a systematic review

Romero-Mancilla

Mora-Vargas

Ruíz

2023

Front. Public Health

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Pharmacist's role in influenza immunisation: a scoping review

Parracha,

Rodrigues,

Oliveira‐Martins

et al. 2024

Pharmacy Practice and Res

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BackgroundCommunity pharmacists have become flu vaccine immunisers in several countries to increase vaccine uptake.AimThis study aimed to perform a scoping review to evaluate the pharmacist's role and contribution to flu immunisation coverage, satisfaction and promotion as vaccine providers.DesignThe framework proposed by Arksey and O'Malley and the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA‐ScR) were considered for this analysis. Two electronic databases (PubMed and Cochrane Library) were used to search for relevant peer‐reviewed quantitative, qualitative and mixed‐method studies published between 1990 and 2022.ResultsA total of 37 studies were included. These studies suggested that, over time, there was an increase in the rate of vaccine administration within community pharmacies across the various countries examined. Moreover, patients have consistently expressed their satisfaction with the convenience and accessibility of pharmacy‐based vaccine services, with some expressing a preference for pharmacies over traditional visits to their general practitioner′s office.ConclusionSeveral initiatives aimed at promoting flu vaccination have been rolled out in pharmacy settings, and a number of these initiatives have demonstrated positive outcomes. The flu vaccination service provided by pharmacists has proven to be an asset in public health by improving accessibility to immunisation services. Pharmacists should continue to take part in yearly flu vaccination programs as flu vaccine providers as they contribute to an increased uptake of immunisations by the population. Extending these services to other vaccines should be further considered.

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