“…Several studies have documented the political uses of the Internet but these have been done mostly in developed societies in the West (D'Allesio 1997;Farnsworth & Owen 2003;Gibson & Ward 2001;La Pointe 1998;Mianni 2002;Norris 2001aNorris , 2001bPace 2003) and in Asia (Ducke 2002;Ho et al 2003;Hong & Chang 2002;Kluver 2001;Tkach-Kawasaki 2003;Wang 2002). In the Philippines, documentation of the impact of the Internet on political action remains anecdotal and informal.…”