Who will relapse? Symptoms of nicotine dependence predict long-term relapse after smoking cessation.

Abstract

Results of a prospective examination (N = 618) of factors associated with smoking relapse are reported. At 1-year follow-up, a modified version of the Fagerstrom Tolerance Questionnaire (Dependence Index; DI) and a measure of craving entered the logistic model (odds ratio of 2.7 [p less than .001]). At Year 2, only the DI entered the model (odds ratio of 2.2 [p less than .001]). The ability of signal detection analysis (SDA) to produce clinically useful decision rules was also examined. At Year 1, SDA produced 1 subgroup with a 25% nonrelapse rate and another with a 9% nonrelapse rate (odds ratio of 3.4 [p less than .001]). At Year 2, SDA produced 1 subgroup with a nonrelapse rate of 19% and another with a nonrelapse rate of 7% (odds ratio of 3.0 [p less than .001]). The use of signal detection methods may help clinicians to identify those at greater or lesser risk of relapse.

Effects of repeated withdrawal episodes, nicotine dose, and duration of nicotine exposure on the severity and duration of nicotine withdrawal in rats

“…In terms of withdrawal, several studies support the intuitive, although experimentally inconsistent (Hughes et al 1990;USDHHS 2000), relationship between the withdrawal syndrome and relapse to smoking (Shiffman 1979;Stitzer and Gross 1988;West et al 1989;Gritz et al 1991;Killen et al 1991Killen et al , 1992Swan et al 1996). It was shown that the severity, duration, and pattern of withdrawal over time were predictive of relapse (Piasecki et al 1998(Piasecki et al , 2000.…”

La evolución del concepto de tabaquismo

“…Durante las primeras 12 horas sufren un incremento y alcanzan su estado máximo de intensidad alrededor del segundo o tercer día 11,13 . La sintomatología perdura durante la primera semana de la cesación y baja gradualmente algunas semanas después, pero el ansia por fumar puede persistir por meses y a veces años 22 . De hecho, la intensidad de los síntomas asociados al síndrome de abstinencia nicotínica dependerá del tiempo transcurrido desde la última dosis, de la adicción y del grado de dependencia del fumador 13 .…”

A Longitudinal Follow-up Of Discrete Mass At Zero With Gap

“…Simons & Thase (1992), 53 patients with major depression, Age of onset of first depression, No Barkley et al(1992), 61 adolescents with ADHD, Age of ADHD onset, No Mulhern et al(1992), 49 long-term survivors of childhood leukemia,Age at diagnosis Age at testing, No Wieczorek & Miller (1992), 156 convicted-while-intoxicated offenders, Age at first drink, No Killen et al (1992) (1996), 516 smoking cessation participants, Age of onset of smoking. Number of lifetime quit attempts., No Pianta et al (1996), 110 women in second trimester of pregnancy, Number of T ≥ 65 elevations range: 0 (44%) to 7 (5%), No Newman et al (1996) Grilo et al (1997), 114 adolescent Psychiatric inpatients, Age at first psychiatric contact & psychiatric hospitalization; number of prior psychiatric hospitalizations, No Agras et al (1997), 93 obese women, Age of onset of being overweight and age of onset of binge eating, No…”