Whole blood FPR1 mRNA expression predicts both non‐small cell and small cell lung cancer

Abstract

While long‐term survival rates for early‐stage lung cancer are high, most cases are diagnosed in later stages that can negatively impact survival rates. We aim to design a simple, single biomarker blood test for early‐stage lung cancer that is robust to preclinical variables and can be readily implemented in the clinic. Whole blood was collected in PAXgene tubes from a training set of 29 patients, and a validation set of 260 patients, of which samples from 58 patients were prospectively collected in a clinical trial specifically for our study. After RNA was extracted, the expressions of FPR1 and a reference gene were quantified by an automated one‐step Taqman RT‐PCR assay. Elevated levels of FPR1 mRNA in whole blood predicted lung cancer status with a sensitivity of 55% and a specificity of 87% on all validation specimens. The prospectively collected specimens had a significantly higher 68% sensitivity and 89% specificity. Results from patients with benign nodules were similar to healthy volunteers. No meaningful correlation was present between our test results and any clinical characteristic other than lung cancer diagnosis. FPR1 mRNA levels in whole blood can predict the presence of lung cancer. Using this as a reflex test for positive lung cancer screening computed tomography scans has the potential to increase the positive predictive value. This marker can be easily measured in an automated process utilizing off‐the‐shelf equipment and reagents. Further work is justified to explain the source of this biomarker.

An immune cell infiltration-related gene signature predicts prognosis for bladder cancer

“…Jiang et al reported that overexpression of FPR1 was associated with drug-resistant BCa and may deteriorate the overall condition of drug-resistant BCa 20 . The biological behaviors of FPR1 were also explored in ovarian cancer 21 , cervical cancer 22 , and lung cancer 23 as a risk factor related to poor prognosis, advanced stage and metastasis. However, Prevete et al found that FPR1 acted as a tumor suppressor in human gastric cancer by counteract angiogenesis 24 .…”

Microarray data analysis on gene and miRNA expression to identify biomarkers in non-small cell lung cancer

“…KEGG [17] pathway enrichment analysis was also conducted on the up-and down-regulated genes involved in the DEmiR-DEG relationship pairs. The commonly used DAVID [7] (version6.8, https://davidd.ncifcrf.gov/) was applied for the function enrichment analysis with gene count≥2 and P-value < 0.05 as the thresholds.…”

“…The genes L1TD1 (LINE-1 Type Transposase Domain Containing 1) and SPAG6 (Sperm Associated Antigen 6) are tumor-specifically methylated in NSCLC [6]. Recently, Morris et al reported that FPR1 mRNA levels in whole blood predicts both NSCLC and small cell lung cancer [7]. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a large group of small non-coding RNAs of 20-24 nucleotides that are involved in the fine-tuning of various biological processes.…”

Fault diagnosis mechanism of gears and bearings for coal mining equipment in a complex geological environment

“…Therefore, a new fault diagnosis mechanism research method is proposed. According to the relationship between gears and bearings, the method resets more stable fault feature extraction and location according to the acquisition method of cyclostationary signal and projection decomposition operation method to ensure the reliability of fault diagnosis mechanism (Morris et al, 2018). This method not only solves the existing problems of the traditional methods, but also provides scientific and technical solutions for the fault diagnosis mechanism research of gears and bearings in other fields, and provides reasonable research methods for the development of national equipment and technological innovation.…”