Whole blood serotonin and plasma beta-endorphin in autistic probands and their first-degree relatives

Leboyer, Marion; Philippe, Anne; Bouvard, Manuel; Guilloud-Bataille, M; Bondoux, Dominique; Tabuteau, F; Feingold, Josué; Mouren-Siméoni, Marie-Christine; Launay, Jean‐Marie

doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(97)00532-5

Cited by 172 publications

(118 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The macaque results differ from those reported for some autistic humans with SIB, whose plasma levels of the C-terminal fragment are elevated relative to the N-terminal fragment [23,24]. The Leboyer group found that naltrexone responses in autistic humans suggested opioid activity in the C-terminal fragment but not the N-terminal.…”

Section: The Relation Between Abnormal Behavior and Different Beta-encontrasting

confidence: 57%

“…The third fragment (N-terminal-directed) has not been reported to differ among SIB patients. Some autistic subjects with SIB were reported to have normal ACTH levels but elevated levels of the C-terminally directed βE-immunoreactivity relative to the Nterminally directed immunoreactivity [23,24]. In another study, autistic subjects were found to have markedly elevated C-terminal βE concentrations compared to normal individuals, but did not differ significantly in N-terminal βE concentrations; six of the ten subjects had a history of mild SIB [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Beta-endorphin levels in longtailed and pigtailed macaques vary by abnormal behavior rating and sex

et al. 2007

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Frequent or severe abnormal behavior may be associated with the release of endorphins that positively reinforce the behavior with an opiate euphoria or analgesia. One line of research exploring this association involves the superhormone, proopiomelanocortin (POMC). The products of POMC appear to be dysregulated in some human subjects who exhibit self-injurious behavior (SIB). Macaque monkeys have POMC very similar to humans, and some laboratory macaques display SIB or frequent stereotypies. We investigated associations between plasma levels of three immunoreactive POMC fragments with possible opioid action and abnormal behavior ratings in macaques. In 58 adult male and female macaques (24 Macaca fascicularis and 34 M. nemestrina), plasma levels of intact beta-endorphin (βE) and the N-terminal fragment (BEN) were significantly higher in animals with higher levels of abnormal behavior. The C-terminal fragment (BEC) was significantly higher in males but unrelated to ratings of abnormal behavior. Levels of ACTH, cortisol, and (βE-ACTH)/βE dysregulation index were unrelated to abnormal behavior. None of the POMC products differed significantly by subjects' species, age, or weight. The finding that intact betaendorphin is positively related to abnormal behavior in two species of macaque is consistent with some previous research on human subjects and nonprimates. The positive relation of the N-terminal fragment of βE to abnormal behavior is a new finding.

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Section: The Relation Between Abnormal Behavior and Different Beta-encontrasting

confidence: 57%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beta-endorphin levels in longtailed and pigtailed macaques vary by abnormal behavior rating and sex

et al. 2007

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“…Indeed, numerous studies from many laboratories have shown that the functioning, relations, and processing of the POMC system are uncoupled or perturbed in subgroups of self-injuring individuals, resulting in different ratios of βE and ACTH, particularly under conditions of stress (Leboyer et al, 1994(Leboyer et al, , 1999Gillberg, 1995;Cazzullo et al, 1999;Sandman et al, 1990aSandman et al, , 1990bSandman et al, , 1995Sandman et al, , 1997Sandman et al, , 1999Sandman et al, , 2000aSandman et al, , 2002Sandman et al, , 2003.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal patterns of self-injurious behavior correlate with stress hormone levels in the developmentally disabled

Kemp

Fillmore

Lenjavi

et al. 2008

Psychiatry Research

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While the origins and developmental course of self-injurious behavior (SIB) remain relatively unknown, recent studies suggest a biological imbalance may potentiate or provoke the contagious recurrence of SIB patterns in individuals with severe developmental disabilities (DD). Evidence from several laboratories indicates that functioning, relations, and processing of a stress-related molecule, proopiomelanocortin, (POMC), may be perturbed among certain subgroups of individuals exhibiting SIB. The current investigation employed a unique time-pattern analysis program (THEME) to examine whether recurrent temporal patterns (T-patterns) of SIB were related to morning levels of two POMC-derived hormones: β-endorphin (βE) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). THEME was used to quantify highly significant (nonrandom) T-patterns that included SIB within a dataset of in-situ observational recordings spanning 8 days (~40 hours) in 25 subjects with DD. Pearson's product-moment analyses revealed highly significant correlations between the percentage of T-patterns containing SIB and basal levels of both βE and ACTH, which were not found with any other "control" T-patterns. These findings support the hypothesis that the recurrent temporal patterning of SIB represents a unique behavioral phenotype directly related to perturbed levels of POMC-derived stress hormones in certain individuals with severe DD.

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“…Many studies have consistently reported that about onethird of autistic individuals have hyperserotonemia (Anderson G. et al, 1990). Persons with autism have high levels of serotonin-ranging between 25 % and 50 %, higher than persons without autism, this higher serotonin level may result from problems with the serotonin transporter that arise from errors in the gene, high serotonin levels may explain why persons with autism have problems showing emotion and handling sensory information, such as sounds, touch and smells ( Serotonergic abnormalities have been reported in autism, specifically hyperserotonemia, as well as elevated blood serotonin in the first-degree relatives of children with autism (Leboyer M. et al, 1999). Serotonergic abnormalities during prenatal and early postnatal development might lead to reciprocal changes in thalamocortical connectivity, which results in a certain predisposition for autism, hyperserotonemia in autism may also involve a typical metabolism of the metabolic serotonin precursor tryptophan as a potential mechanism for alterations in serotonin availability (Chugani D., 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Manifestations, Blood Serotonin Level, Electroencephalography and Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Autistic Children

hadi¹

2017

IOSR JDMS

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Whole blood serotonin and plasma beta-endorphin in autistic probands and their first-degree relatives

Cited by 172 publications

References 28 publications

Beta-endorphin levels in longtailed and pigtailed macaques vary by abnormal behavior rating and sex

Beta-endorphin levels in longtailed and pigtailed macaques vary by abnormal behavior rating and sex

Temporal patterns of self-injurious behavior correlate with stress hormone levels in the developmentally disabled

Clinical Manifestations, Blood Serotonin Level, Electroencephalography and Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Autistic Children

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