Whole Body Vibration Analysis of Baby Hammock

Ko, Ying Hao; Geh, Chia Sin

doi:10.1051/matecconf/201821701005

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Returning to the subjective association of rhythmic movements with "being in a zone," signaling a comfortable state, this may suggest that rhythmic behaviors have beneficial effects on the human system, just as rocking has soothing effect on an infant (Ko et al 2016). We conclude by proposing that the central nervous system can make use of this intrinsic tendency and exploit such temporary rhythmic patterns as building blocks or primitives to construct more complex movement patterns.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

The primacy of rhythm: how discrete actions merge into a stable rhythmic pattern

Zhang

Sternad

2019

Journal of Neurophysiology

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This study examined how humans spontaneously merge a sequence of discrete actions into a rhythmic pattern, even when periodicity is not required. Two experiments used a virtual throwing task, in which subjects performed a long sequence of discrete throwing movements, aiming to hit a virtual target. In experiment 1, subjects performed the task for 11 sessions. Although there was no instruction to perform rhythmically, the variability of the interthrow intervals decreased to a level comparable to that of synchronizing with a metronome; furthermore, dwell times shortened or even disappeared with practice. Floquet multipliers and decreasing variability of the arm trajectories estimated in state space indicated an increasing degree of dynamic stability. Subjects who achieved a higher level of periodicity and stability also displayed higher accuracy in the throwing task. To directly test whether rhythmicity affected performance, experiment 2 disrupted the evolving continuity and periodicity by enforcing a pause between successive throws. This discrete group performed significantly worse and with higher variability in their arm trajectories than the self-paced group. These findings are discussed in the context of previous neuroimaging results showing that rhythmic movements involve significantly fewer cortical and subcortical activations than discrete movements and therefore may pose a computationally more parsimonious solution. Such emerging stable rhythms in neuromotor subsystems may serve as building blocks or dynamic primitives for complex actions. The tendency for humans to spontaneously fall into a rhythm in voluntary movements is consistent with the ubiquity of rhythms at all levels of the physiological system. NEW & NOTEWORTHY When performing a series of throws to hit a target, humans spontaneously merged successive actions into a continuous approximately periodic pattern. The degree of rhythmicity and stability correlated with hitting accuracy. Enforcing irregular pauses between throws to disrupt the rhythm deteriorated performance. Stable rhythmic patterns may simplify control of movement and serve as dynamic primitives for more complex actions. This observation reveals that biological systems tend to exhibit rhythmic behavior consistent with a plethora of physiological processes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

The primacy of rhythm: how discrete actions merge into a stable rhythmic pattern

Zhang

Sternad

2019

Journal of Neurophysiology

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“…Sleeping infants with gentle rocking is very common because the rhythmic movement makes infants feel like they are in the uterus (Ko & Geh, 2018). In this study, 10.5% of mothers said that they rock their infant hard on their knees to sleep.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Risks in the Safety Circle: Newborn Care Practices of Mothers

KARTAL,

KAPLAN

2023

Samsun Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi

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Aim: This study was conducted to evaluate the newborn care practices of mothers in terms of newborn safety risk. Method: This research is descriptive. The study included 248 mothers with newborn babies. The study was carried out in Nevşehir State Hospital between May 2018 and August 2019. The data were collected using the Questionnaire Form and the Neonatal Safety Information Form developed by the researchers. Results:Of the mothers, 44.8% experience the risk of falling their infant, they fall asleep while breastfeeding at night, 10.5% rock their infant hard to put them to sleep, 35.5% swaddled their infant tightly, 52.0% put hot water with a thermophore on their infant's feet when in the presence of gas discomfort. Of the mothers, 25.4% used detergent and bleach while washing the infant's clothes, 48.0% used pacifier clip/holders, and 54.0% used powder for diaper rash. Conclusions and Suggestions: In the study, it was determined that infants might be exposed to risks such as aspiration, infection, falling, swing fast, burns and trauma due to swaddling, unsafe travel, exposure to chemicals, and suffocation of infants. For newborn safety, mothers should be trained in newborn care beginningfrom their pregnancy and ensure the continuity of these pieces of training.

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“…The observation that a sequence of volitional movements tend to adopt a rhythmic pattern suggests that it falls in line with the hierarchical system whenever possible. Returning to the subjective association of rhythmic movements with "being in a zone", signaling a comfortable state, this may suggest that rhythmic behaviors have beneficial effects on the human system, just as rocking has soothing effect on an infant (Ko et al, 2016). We conclude by proposing that the central nervous system can make use of this intrinsic tendency and exploit such temporary rhythmic patterns as building blocks or primitives to construct more complex movement patterns.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Intrinsic and extrinsic noise in motor skill acquisition

Zhang¹

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Research on human motor skill acquisition has typically examined mean and variance of performance metrics to evaluate learning processes. Skill has been equated with low variability to be reduced with practice. Continuing recent efforts, this thesis focused on the structure of movement variability, both in its distribution and temporal evolution, as a window to understand motor learning and control. While random components are assumed to arise from intrinsic and extrinsic noise, some of the overt behavioral variability is also structured and purposefully generated by the central nervous system. In this thesis motor skill acquisition is viewed as the strategic search for task solutions where intrinsic and extrinsic noise minimally impact task performance. Eight studies examined the role of noise in motor learning and control and used a target-oriented throwing task as testbed. Importantly, the task has redundancy with a solution manifold defining the set of solutions that achieve task success. The throwing task was experimentally controlled, modeled and rendered in a virtual environment to allow mathematically-based manipulations of the solution space to address detailed questions on the role of noise in motor control. Chapter 2 identified human strategies in task variations with different geometries of the result space showing that subjects' throwing movements exploited the task's redundancy to reduce the sensitivity of the ball release time to intrinsic noise. Chapter 3 revealed that when subject performed a sequence of discrete throwing movements, they merged the discrete actions into a rhythmic sequence that displayed stability, i.e. robustness with respect to noise, and achieved better task success. Based on these empirical and theoretical findings, two subsequent studies (Chapter 4-5) created interventions in the virtual environment that assisted subjects to suppress their noise and achieve better vi performance. System identification with stochastic state space models revealed that visual amplification of performance error led subjects to suppress their noise with extended practice. Adding noise to the time of ball release exerted "pressure" that lowered the timing errors and thereby improved task performance. Importantly, this benefit persisted even after removal of the manipulation. Chapter 6 explored how the central nervous system coordinates the variability in the multi-dimensional space of muscle activations. Using dimensionality reduction methods, the data revealed four muscle synergies that were invariant across subjects and sequentially supported the multi-joint throwing action. Chapter 7 and 8 tested the robustness of these finding in the virtual environment in a real implementation and in a "field study". The comparison between virtual and real performance showed that, even though mean performance in the real setup was better, the variability was modulated across practice in the same manner in both environments. Deploying a portable setup at the Museum of Science in Boston and testing a large coho...

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Whole Body Vibration Analysis of Baby Hammock

Cited by 4 publications

References 3 publications

The primacy of rhythm: how discrete actions merge into a stable rhythmic pattern

The primacy of rhythm: how discrete actions merge into a stable rhythmic pattern

Risks in the Safety Circle: Newborn Care Practices of Mothers

Intrinsic and extrinsic noise in motor skill acquisition

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