Whole genome global insight of antibiotic resistance gene repertoire and virulome of high - risk multidrug-resistant Uropathogenic Escherichia coli

Mitra, Susweta Das; Irshad, Pir; Anusree, M.; Rekha, Injeti; Shailaja, S.; Suresh, Janshi; Aishwarya, G.; Shrestha, Smeeta; Shome, Bibek Ranjan

doi:10.1016/j.micpath.2021.105256

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…30 Lastly, emerging resistant genes in bacteria contributed to increased incidence of MDR. [31][32][33] Additionally, using new antibiotics and combinations of antibiotics in MDR will increase AKI and nephrotoxicity. [34][35][36][37][38] It is worth mentioning that the abuse of antibiotics in healthy individuals can increase the risk of MDR in the community.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Kidney Injury Among Patients with Multi-Drug Resistant Infection: A Study from Jordan

Oweis¹,

Zeyad²,

Alshelleh³

et al. 2022

JMDH

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Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a well-known complication for hospitalized patients. Sepsis and various infections play a significant role in increasing the incidence of AKI. The present study evaluated the risk for Multidrug-resistant (MDR) infections and its effect on the incidence of AKI, hospitalization, need for dialysis, and mortality. Methods: In a retrospective study design, data were collected from all adult patients with a positive multi-drug resistant culture who were admitted to King Abdullah University Hospital (KAUH). Records of 436 patients were reviewed between January 2017 -December 2018 with at least one year of follow-up. Results: The mean age was 57.3 years (SD± 23.1), and 58.5% were males. The most common source of positive cultures was sputum, with 50% positive cultures. The incidence of AKI was 59.2%. The most isolated microorganism was Acinetobacter baumannii (76.8%), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (14.9%).On multivariate analysis, age (OR 1.1, 95% CI 1.1-1.2, P=0.001), HTN (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.0-3.3, P=0.02), DM (OR 1.1, 95% CI 0.6-1.9, P=0.69) and the use of Foley catheter on chronic bases (OR 4.3, 95% CI 2.6-6.8, P<0.0001) were strong predictors of AKI. Among patients with AKI, 74.4% died compared to 44.4% among non-AKI patients (p<0.001). Conclusion:In patients with MDR, AKI incidence, hospitalization, and mortality were high. Early detection and addressing the problem may decrease bad outcomes, and health education for reducing antibiotic abuse is needed to lower MDR.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Kidney Injury Among Patients with Multi-Drug Resistant Infection: A Study from Jordan

Oweis¹,

Zeyad²,

Alshelleh³

et al. 2022

JMDH

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“…Virulence factors such as adhesions and siderophores can coalesce into pathogenicity islands, be mobilised in transposons, and be transferred on plasmids [ 66 ]. This transfer of virulence factors enables UPEC to adapt and evolve rapidly in response to environmental pressures and facilitates the spread of antibiotic resistance genes among interspecies bacterial populations.…”

Section: Virulence Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC)-Associated Urinary Tract Infections: The Molecular Basis for Challenges to Effective Treatment

Whelan,

Lucey,

Finn

2023

Microorganisms

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Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common bacterial infections, especially among women and older adults, leading to a significant global healthcare cost burden. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) are the most common cause and accounts for the majority of community-acquired UTIs. Infection by UPEC can cause discomfort, polyuria, and fever. More serious clinical consequences can result in urosepsis, kidney damage, and death. UPEC is a highly adaptive pathogen which presents significant treatment challenges rooted in a complex interplay of molecular factors that allow UPEC to evade host defences, persist within the urinary tract, and resist antibiotic therapy. This review discusses these factors, which include the key genes responsible for adhesion, toxin production, and iron acquisition. Additionally, it addresses antibiotic resistance mechanisms, including chromosomal gene mutations, antibiotic deactivating enzymes, drug efflux, and the role of mobile genetic elements in their dissemination. Furthermore, we provide a forward-looking analysis of emerging alternative therapies, such as phage therapy, nano-formulations, and interventions based on nanomaterials, as well as vaccines and strategies for immunomodulation. This review underscores the continued need for research into the molecular basis of pathogenesis and antimicrobial resistance in the treatment of UPEC, as well as the need for clinically guided treatment of UTIs, particularly in light of the rapid spread of multidrug resistance.

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“…The mobility of resistance plasmids is another feature used for their categorization. Those plasmids that are usually transferred between the same species are assigned as narrow host range plasmids group, the others that can easily be harbored by different bacteria are categorized as broad host range plasmids and are associated with dissemination of MDR (Mitra et al, 2021).…”

Section: Plasmidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The therapeutic effect of engineered phage, derived protein and enzymes against superbug bacteria

Boroujeni,

Mohebi,

Malekian

et al. 2023

Biotech & Bioengineering

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Defending against antibiotic‐resistant infections is similar to fighting a war with limited ammunition. As the new century unfolded, antibiotic resistance became a significant concern. In spite of the fact that phage treatment has been used as an effective means of fighting infections for more than a century, researchers have had to overcome many challenges of superbug bacteria by manipulating phages and producing engineered enzymes. New enzymes and phages with enhanced properties have a significant impact on the ability to fight antibiotic‐resistant infections, which is considered a window of hope for the future. This review, therefore, illustrates not only the challenges caused by antibiotic resistance and superbug bacteria but also the engineered enzymes and phages that are being developed to solve these issues. Our study found that engineered phages, phage proteins, and enzymes can be effective in treating superbug bacteria and destroying the biofilm caused by them. Combining these engineered compounds with other antimicrobial substances can increase their effectiveness against antibiotic‐resistant bacteria. Therefore, engineered phages, proteins, and enzymes can be used as a substitute for antibiotics or in combination with antibiotics to treat patients with superbug infections in the future.

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Whole genome global insight of antibiotic resistance gene repertoire and virulome of high - risk multidrug-resistant Uropathogenic Escherichia coli

Cited by 14 publications

References 44 publications

Acute Kidney Injury Among Patients with Multi-Drug Resistant Infection: A Study from Jordan

Acute Kidney Injury Among Patients with Multi-Drug Resistant Infection: A Study from Jordan

Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC)-Associated Urinary Tract Infections: The Molecular Basis for Challenges to Effective Treatment

The therapeutic effect of engineered phage, derived protein and enzymes against superbug bacteria

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