Whole genome sequence of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum MC5 and comparative analysis of eps gene clusters

Abstract

IntroductionProbiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum MC5 produces large amounts of exopolysaccharides (EPS), and its use as a compound fermentor can greatly improve the quality of fermented milk.MethodsTo gain insight into the genomic characteristics of probiotic MC5 and reveal the relationship between its EPS biosynthetic phenotype and genotype, we analyzed the carbohydrate metabolic capacity, nucleotide sugar formation pathways, and EPS biosynthesis-related gene clusters of strain MC5 based on its whole genome sequence. Finally, we performed validation tests on the monosaccharides and disaccharides that strain MC5 may metabolize.ResultsGenomic analysis showed that MC5 has seven nucleotide sugar biosynthesis pathways and 11 sugar-specific phosphate transport systems, suggesting that the strain can metabolize mannose, fructose, sucrose, cellobiose, glucose, lactose, and galactose. Validation results showed that strain MC5 can metabolize these seven sugars and produce significant amounts of EPS (> 250 mg/L). In addition, strain MC5 possesses two typical eps biosynthesis gene clusters, which include the conserved genes epsABCDE, wzx, and wzy, six key genes for polysaccharide biosynthesis, and one MC5-specific epsG gene.DiscussionThese insights into the mechanism of EPS-MC5 biosynthesis can be used to promote the production of EPS through genetic engineering.

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“…These enzymes play a role in synthesizing, modifying, and disintegrating complex carbohydrates and glycoconjugates found abundantly in LAB (Kandasamy et al, 2022 ). Research indicates that GH family genes play a significant role in diverse biological processes such as sugar biosynthesis, cellular metabolism, and signaling (Zhao et al, 2023 ).…”

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“…Genes related to EPS production can be divided into three categories: genes encoding the biosynthetic pathway of nucleotide sugars or other components, genes encoding glycosyltransferases, and genes required for oligosaccharide or polysaccharide processing [ 26 ]. In the EPS gene cluster of LAB, epsA , epsB , epsC , epsD , and epsE exhibit high conservation and stability [ 27 ]. The EPS gene clusters among different strains exhibit diversity, leading to differences in EPS characteristics.…”