Whole genome sequencing of emerging multidrug resistant Candida auris isolates in India demonstrates low genetic variation

Sharma, Cheshta; Kumar, Nitin; Pandey, Rajesh; Meis, Jacques F.; Chowdhary, Anuradha

doi:10.1016/j.nmni.2016.07.003

Cited by 171 publications

(200 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Many isolates exhibit high triazole and polyene MICs. This might be expected, as the species is phylogenetically related to Candida krusei, Candida lusitaniae, and Candida haemulonii, which are known to be less susceptible to these antifungal classes (18,19). Variable in vitro susceptibility results have been noted for the echinocandins (1), rendering some isolates potentially clinically resistant to all three classes of commonly used antifungal agents.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacodynamic Optimization for Treatment of Invasive Candida auris Infection

Lepak

Zhao

Berkow

et al. 2017

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Candida auris is an emerging multidrug-resistant threat. The pharmacodynamics of three antifungal classes against nine C. auris strains was explored using a murine invasive candidiasis model. The total drug median pharmacodynamic (PD) target associated with net stasis was a fluconazole AUC/MIC (the area under the concentration-time curve over 24 h in the steady state divided by the MIC) of 26, an amphotericin B C max /MIC (maximum concentration of drug in serum divided by the MIC) of 0.9, and a micafungin AUC/MIC of 54. The micafungin PD targets for C. auris were Ն20-fold lower than those of other Candida species in this animal model. Clinically relevant micafungin exposures produced the most killing among the three classes.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacodynamic Optimization for Treatment of Invasive Candida auris Infection

Lepak

Zhao

Berkow

et al. 2017

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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“…The epidemiology of C. auris specifically in Brazil is still inconclusive. While studies conducted in 2016 12,17,18 already indicate the presence of the yeast in the country, ANVISA 9 , through an official statement, reported that up to the present moment there have been no occurrences of infections by C. auris in our country 9 . However, this declaration does not exclude the possibility that the species is already present in the region, since its prevalence is not sufficiently known due to difficulties in its identification and diagnosis 9 .…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 71%

“…Thus, it is observed in the literature that the identification and the diagnoses of C. auris are definitely carried out by molecular methods 6,8,9,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] . Routine methods (direct, culture, biochemical tests) are used only as screening for initial detection of yeast in clinical samples.…”

Section: Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Candida Auris: Emergence and Epidemiology of a Highly Pathogenic Yeast

Santos¹,

Lana²,

Mezzari³

2017

Clin. Biomed. Res.

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Candida auris is a multidrug-resistant emerging yeast, which was responsible for healthcare-associated infection outbreaks, and was cataloged as a new species in 2009, after being isolated from a patient's ear canal secretion in Japan. Since the notification of this first occurrence, numerous cases have been reported throughout the world, including Brazil. C. auris affects mainly inpatients, patients in intensive care units, exposed to broad-spectrum antifungal medications and who make use of vascular catheters. Currently, this yeast is one of the main responsible for invasive infections in hospitals and has been cause of concern by authorities and organs due to its rapid dissemination and difficult treatment caused by its low susceptibility to antifungal agents traditionally used in clinical practice. As a contributor to the severity of infections associated with C. auris, the transmission mechanism is still unknown, which implies in a lack of control of the microorganism and high mortality rates. Thus, this literature review presents relevant information in order to alert the importance of C. auris as an etiological agent of systemic infections, as well as its epidemiology and the real challenges of the treatment.

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“…(6, 13) A case series involving many countries has found intensive care stay to be a major risk factor for C. auris infections which is similar to other studies. (3,13,19) Comorbidities and immunosuppressive conditions such as diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, cancer chemotherapy, hematologic malignancies, and bone marrow transplantation have also been identified. (1) (2) Unfortunately, the usual phenotypic tests are unable to correctly identify C auris which is misidentified as one of the closely related Candida species especially C haemulonii.…”

confidence: 99%

<i>Candida auris</i> infection: How prepared is Nigeria for this emerging fungal agent?

Fayemiwo¹,

Makanjuola²

2017

Af J Clin Exp Micro

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Reports from Asia and other parts of the world have demonstrated that the incidence of Candida auris infection is on the rise. Candida auris is a fungal pathogen causing a wide variety of infections affecting people of all age groups. Candida auris was first described in 2009 and has since emerged as an important cause of invasive fungal infection, most importantly healthcareassociated candidaemia. Large outbreaks have been reported worldwide, with therapeutic failure and associated high mortality rates recorded. The emergence and spread of C. auris raises public health concerns because of some characteristics of this pathogen. First it is resistant to many antifungal agents making this infection very difficult to treat. It is also associated with horizontal transmission in health care settings causing outbreaks among hospitalized individuals with high mortality rates. Furthermore, identification of C auris is a challenge. Routine identification methods usually misidentify the organism as other yeasts especially Candida haemulonii. This review discusses the current knowledge on the epidemiology, treatment and control of this infection. The urgent need for the stakeholders in Nigerian tertiary hospitals to set machinery in motion for prompt diagnosis, management and prevention of transmission of this infection are also discussed.

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Whole genome sequencing of emerging multidrug resistant Candida auris isolates in India demonstrates low genetic variation

Cited by 171 publications

References 24 publications

Pharmacodynamic Optimization for Treatment of Invasive Candida auris Infection

Pharmacodynamic Optimization for Treatment of Invasive Candida auris Infection

Candida Auris: Emergence and Epidemiology of a Highly Pathogenic Yeast

<i>Candida auris</i> infection: How prepared is Nigeria for this emerging fungal agent?

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