Whole milk consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality: Isfahan Cohort Study

Talaei, Mohammad; Hosseini, Naeimeh; Dam, Rob M. van; Sadeghi, Masoumeh; Oveisgharan, Shahram; Dianatkhah, Minoo; Sarrafzadegan, Nizal

doi:10.1007/s00394-017-1581-1

Cited by 13 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…In general, a lower risk or no association is reported for total dairy intake, non-fermented milk, fermented milk and cheese and the studied cardiometabolic outcomes. Only single studies indicate a greater risk with any of the cardiometabolic outcomes [9]. The results in the present study conform to the majority of studies in that both non-fermented milk and cheese were associated with lower HR in the basic models, but adjustment for multiple potential lifestyle confounders attenuated the effect.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Dairy Product Intake and Cardiometabolic Diseases in Northern Sweden: A 33-Year Prospective Cohort Study

et al. 2019

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Dairy products are important constituents of most diets, and their association with adverse health outcomes remains a focus. We characterized dairy food intake and examined associations with the incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D), myocardial infarction (MI) or stroke among 108,065 Swedish men and women. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs were estimated using the multivariable Cox proportional hazards models in a population characterized by high milk tolerance. During a mean follow-up of 14.2 years, 11,641 first-time events occurred. Non-fermented milk intake decreased, whereas butter intake increased over the period. For high intake of non-fermented milk, the HR (95% CI) for developing T2D and MI was 1.17 (1.03, 1.34) and 1.23 (1.10, 1.37), respectively, in men. A greater intake of butter, fermented milk, and cheese tended to be associated with a reduced risk of T2D and/or MI. Non-consumers and those who chose low-fat variants of the targeted dairy products had increased risk for T2D, MI, or stroke compared to those in the non-case group. Generally, effect-sizes were small. This prospective study found that non-fermented milk was associated with an increased risk for developing T2D and MI and that subjects abstaining from dairy products or choosing low-fat variants were at greater risk. However, the overall cardiometabolic risk of non-fermented milk intake was judged as low, since the effect sizes were small.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Dairy Product Intake and Cardiometabolic Diseases in Northern Sweden: A 33-Year Prospective Cohort Study

et al. 2019

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“…From the Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort 16 , the results on total dairy and butter were included in the data synthesis, and from the EPIC-NL cohort 52 , the results on total dairy, low-fat dairy and high-fat dairy were included in the data synthesis due to the different exposures than in the EPIC cohort 21 . Thus, 30 studies were included in the qualitative data synthesis [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45]47,48,[50][51][52][53]55,56 (20 studies for CHD 12,13,[16][17][18][19][20][21][22][37][38][39][40]45,48,[50]<...>…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…No studies on peripheral artery disease were identified. Table 1 shows the characteristics of the 20 studies on CHD 12,13,[16][17][18][19][20][21][22][37][38][39][40]45,48,[50][51][52][53]56 . Among the 20 studies, 5 presented gender-specific results 17,20,21,50,53 , 3 comprised only men 13,45,56 and 3 comprised only women 12,18,40 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intake of dairy products and associations with major atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies

Jakobsen

Trolle

Outzen

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Specific types of dairy products may be differentially associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD). We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies to summarize findings on the associations between total dairy product intake and intake of dairy product subgroups and the risk of major atherosclerotic CVDs in the general adult population. Our protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42019125455). PubMed and Embase were systematically searched through 15 August 2019. For high versus low intake and dose–response meta-analysis, random-effects modelling was used to calculate summary risk ratios (RR). There were 13 cohort studies included for coronary heart disease (CHD), 7 for ischemic stroke and none for peripheral artery disease. High-fat milk was positively associated with CHD (RR 1.08 (95% confidence interval 1.00–1.16) per 200 g higher intake/day) and cheese was inversely associated with CHD (RR 0.96 (95% confidence interval 0.93–0.98) per 20 g higher intake/day). Heterogeneity, however, was observed in high versus low meta-analyses. Milk was inversely associated with ischemic stroke in high versus low meta-analysis only. In conclusion, this systematic review indicates a positive association of high-fat milk and an inverse association of cheese with CHD risk. The findings should be interpreted in the context of the observed heterogeneity.

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“…According to a 2017 study by Tognon et al, all-cause mortality is significantly higher among adults who consumed full-fat milk compared to medium- or low-fat milk [15]. Similarly, Talaei et al found that Iranians who drink whole milk daily are at higher risk of all-cause mortality than their counterparts [16]. Likewise, whole milk intake is predictive of elevated prostate cancer mortality in studies by Lu et al [17] and Song et al [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Milk Fat Intake and Telomere Length in U.S. Women and Men: The Role of the Milk Fat Fraction

Tucker

2019

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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The associations between milk intake frequency and milk fat consumption and telomere length, an index of biological aging, were studied using an NHANES sample of 5,834 U.S. adults and a cross-sectional design. The milk consumption variables were assessed with the NHANES Diet Behavior and Nutrition questionnaire. The quantitative polymerase chain reaction method was used to measure leukocyte telomere length. Results showed that milk consumption frequency was not related to telomere length; however, there was a strong association between milk fat intake and telomere length. With the sample delimited to milk drinkers only, milk fat intake was linearly and inversely related to telomere length, after adjusting for the covariates (F = 8.6, P = 0.0066). For each 1 percentage point increase in milk fat consumed (e.g., 1% to 2%), adults had more than 4 years of additional biological aging. With milk fat intake divided into 5 categories (i.e., milk abstainers, nonfat, 1%, 2%, and full-fat milk), mean telomere lengths differed across the categories (F = 4.1, P = 0.0093). The mean telomere difference between the extremes of milk fat intake (nonfat vs. full-fat) was 145 base pairs, representing years of additional biological aging for full-fat milk consumers. Effect modification testing indicated that the milk fat and cellular aging association may be partly due to saturated fat intake differences across the milk fat groups. When the sample was delimited to adults reporting only high total saturated fat intake (tertile 3), the milk fat and telomere relationship was strong. However, when the sample was restricted to adults reporting only low saturated fat consumption (tertile 1), there was no relationship between milk fat intake and telomere length. Overall, the findings highlight an association of increased biological aging in U.S. adults who consumed high-fat milk. The results support the latest Dietary Guidelines for Americans (2015–2020), which recommend consumption of low-fat milk, but not high-fat milk, as part of a healthy diet.

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Whole milk consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality: Isfahan Cohort Study

Abstract: Less than daily intake of whole milk was associated with a statistically significant, although modest, lower risk of CVD compared with non-consumption, but this potential benefit may not extend to daily intake in this population.

Cited by 13 publications

References 53 publications

Dairy Product Intake and Cardiometabolic Diseases in Northern Sweden: A 33-Year Prospective Cohort Study

Dairy Product Intake and Cardiometabolic Diseases in Northern Sweden: A 33-Year Prospective Cohort Study

Intake of dairy products and associations with major atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies

Milk Fat Intake and Telomere Length in U.S. Women and Men: The Role of the Milk Fat Fraction

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