Whole-Organism Analysis by Vibrational Spectroscopy

Abstract

Vibrational spectroscopy has contributed to the understanding of biological materials for many years. As the technology has advanced, the technique has been brought to bear on the analysis of whole organisms. Here, we discuss advanced and recently developed infrared and Raman spectroscopic instrumentation to whole-organism analysis. We highlight many of the recent contributions made in this relatively new area of spectroscopy, particularly addressing organisms associated with disease with emphasis on diagnosis and treatment. The application of vibrational spectroscopic techniques to entire organisms is still in its infancy, but new developments in imaging and chemometric processing will likely expand in the field in the near future.

Vibrational Spectroscopy Fingerprinting in Medicine: from Molecular to Clinical Practice

“…As a result, we perceive vibrational spectroscopy development as a fashionable topic for health policies in the present and in the future. However, a vast array of potential applications continues to be assessed while others need further technological developments [200], for example, endoscopic disease detection in hollow organs, detection of pathogens in urine samples, detection of pathogens in blood samples, detection of pathogens in other body fluids, identifying antibiotic resistance, vibrational spectroscopy utility in pharmaceutical analysis, and recently developed infrared and Raman spectroscopic instrumentation to whole-organism analysis [204]. In this regard, further new steps are necessary involving economics and practical technology translation from the proof of concept studies.…”

Decoding chemical information from vibrational spectroscopy data: Local vibrational mode theory

“…Over the past decades, vibrational spectroscopy has developed into an important analytical tool with ample applications in chemistry and beyond. [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] Nowadays modern vibrational spectroscopy has much more to offer; detailed information on the electronic structure of a molecule and its chemical bonds is encoded in the normal vibrational modes, ready to be deciphered. With the increasing number of available high precision measured spectra complemented with theoretical calculations, vibrational spectroscopy can become an excellent source for decoding electronic structure information of a molecule; in particular providing a new quantitative measure of the intrinsic strength of a chemical bond.…”

“…Over the past decades, vibrational spectroscopy has developed into an important analytical tool 1–21 with ample applications in chemistry and beyond 22–31 . Today modern vibrational spectroscopy has much more to offer; detailed information on the electronic structure of a molecule and its chemical bonds is encoded in the normal vibrational modes, ready to be deciphered.…”

Diagnosis of Lung Cancer by FTIR Spectroscopy Combined With Raman Spectroscopy Based on Data Fusion and Wavelet Transform

“…Vibrational spectroscopy is an important tool in the field of analytical chemistry and bioanalysis, of which Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy have been widely used in cancer diagnosis in recent years ( Auner et al, 2018 ; Christensen et al, 2019 ; Baiz et al, 2020 ). In our previous work, we studied the serum samples of patients with lung cancer and healthy people using FTIR spectroscopy and found that the concentrations of protein, lipid, and nucleic acid molecules in the serum of patients with lung cancer were higher than those of healthy people ( Yang et al, 2021a ).…”