Whole process metallurgical behavior of the high-abundance rare-earth elements LRE (La, Ce and Y) and the magnetic performance of Nd0.75LRE0.25-Fe-B sintered magnets

Fan, Xiaodong; Ding, Guangfei; Chen, Kan; Guo, Sheng; Chen, You; Chen, Renjie; Lee, Don; Yan, Aru

doi:10.1016/j.actamat.2018.05.046

Cited by 105 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…The surface of the S2 sample is relatively flatter than that of the S1 sample. The bright contrasts are grain boundaries and the dark contrasts are grains of 2:14:1 matrix phase [ 16 ]. An obvious boundary is observed between the main phase and the grain boundary phase in the S2 sample.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The thermal stability of the magnet can be improved by adding Y [ 14 ]. On the other hand, due to the negative substitution energy [ 15 ], Ce is easier to enter the grain boundary phase than Pr, while Y prefers to exist in the main phase of RE 2 Fe 14 B rather than Pr [ 16 ]. The addition of Y affects the distribution of elements [ 17 ] and can also reduce the formation of CeFe 2 phase, therefore, the microstructure of the magnet can be optimized after corresponding heat treatment [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coercivity Mechanism and Magnetization Reversal in Anisotropic Ce-(Y)-Pr-Fe-B Films

Zhao

Liu

et al. 2021

Materials

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In this study, the magnetic properties, coercivity mechanism, and magnetization reversal process were investigated for Ce-(Y)-Pr-Fe-B films. After the addition of Y and subsequent heating treatment, the formations of REO (RE ≡ Ce and Pr) and REFe2 (RE ≡ rare earths) phases are inhibited, and the microstructure of Ce-Y-Pr-Fe-B film is optimized. Meanwhile, the coercivity and the squareness of the hysteresis loop are significantly improved. The coercivity mechanism of Ce-Y-Pr-Fe-B film is determined to be a mixture of nucleation and pinning mechanisms, but dominated by the nucleation mechanism. The demagnetization results show that the nucleation of reversal magnetic domains leads to irreversible reversal. Our results are helpful to understand the coercivity mechanism and magnetization reversal of permanent magnetic films with multi-main phases.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coercivity Mechanism and Magnetization Reversal in Anisotropic Ce-(Y)-Pr-Fe-B Films

Zhao

Liu

et al. 2021

Materials

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“…According to data from [15], the hysteretic properties of Nd-Ce-Fe-B magnets decrease as the Ce content increases. However, the squareness of the magnetization reversal curve remains high [16][17][18], and the magnetic characteristics remain adequate when the Ce content does not exceed 10%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulating the Hysteretic Characteristics of Hard Magnetic Materials Based on Nd2Fe14B and Ce2Fe14B Intermetallics

et al. 2020

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The Ce2Fe14B intermetallic, like Nd2Fe14B, has the tetragonal Nd2Fe14B-type structure (space group P42/mnm), in which Ce ions have a mixed-valence state characterized by the coexistence of trivalent 4f1 and tetravalent 4f0 electron states. Despite the fact that the saturation magnetization, magnetic anisotropy field, and Curie temperature of the Ce2Fe14B intermetallic are substantially lower than those of Nd2Fe14B and Pr2Fe14B, Ce2Fe14B retains the capacity of being able to be used in the manufacturing of rare-earth permanent magnets. Moreover, at low temperatures, the anisotropy field of Се2Fe14B is higher than that of Nd2Fe14B, and Се2Fe14B does not undergo the spin-reorientation transition. In this respect, studies of (Nd, Ce)-Fe-B alloys, which are intended for the improvement of the service characteristics-to-cost ratio, are very relevant. A model and algorithm for calculating the hysteresis loops of uniaxial hard magnetic materials with allowance for the K1 and K2 (K2 > 0 and K1 > 0 and K1 < 0) magnetic anisotropy constants were developed and allowed us to obtain data on their effect on the parameters of hysteresis loops for a wide temperature range (0–300 K). The simulation and analysis of hysteresis loops of the quasi-ternary intermetallics (Nd1−хСех)2Fe14B (х = 0–1) was performed. Results of the simulation indicate that the alloying of the Nd2Fe14B intermetallic with Ce to x = 0.94 (1) does not completely eliminate the negative effect of spin-reorientation phase transition on the residual magnetization of the (Nd1−хCeх)2Fe14B intermetallic and (2) slightly decreases the slope of magnetization reversal curve.

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“…The unique physical and chemical properties of REE can significantly improve the component parameters when REE are used in the production of components. For example, adding a proper amount of REE can improve the alloys properties during a metallurgy process [6][7][8]. When REE are mixed with nanomaterials that are used to manufacture solar cells, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cells can improve greatly [9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavior and Mechanism of a Novel Hydrophobic Collector in the Flotation of Bastnaesite

Yao

Zeng

et al. 2022

Minerals

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In order to improve the recovery of rare earth elements, finding a collector with a strong selectivity ability had become the focus of research. In this paper, phenylpropyl hydroxamic acid (PHA) was used as a new hydrophobic surfactant collector for the separation of bastnaesite from calcite, and salicylic hydroxamic acid (SHA) was used as a reference collector. The results of a single mineral flotation test with SHA show that the reagent has good collection performance and selectivity. In addition, Zeta potential measurements and FTIR analysis show that PHA is adsorbed on the surface of bastnaesite by chemical adsorption, and the surface state of bastnaesite changes after PHA treatment. By XPS analysis, PHA interacts with Ce, and forms a Ce–O bond with Ce. It is speculated that the hydroxamic acid forms a five-element-chelated hydroxamic group with Ce on bastnaesite surface, so as to improve the hydrophobicity of bastnaesite, and make bastnaesite float more easily out of the pulp. According to DFT calculation, PHA has better adsorption capacity and stronger hydrophobicity than SHA, and shows superior electronic group capacity and chemical reactions that promote its flotation performance.

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Whole process metallurgical behavior of the high-abundance rare-earth elements LRE (La, Ce and Y) and the magnetic performance of Nd0.75LRE0.25-Fe-B sintered magnets

Cited by 105 publications

References 56 publications

Coercivity Mechanism and Magnetization Reversal in Anisotropic Ce-(Y)-Pr-Fe-B Films

Coercivity Mechanism and Magnetization Reversal in Anisotropic Ce-(Y)-Pr-Fe-B Films

Simulating the Hysteretic Characteristics of Hard Magnetic Materials Based on Nd2Fe14B and Ce2Fe14B Intermetallics

Behavior and Mechanism of a Novel Hydrophobic Collector in the Flotation of Bastnaesite

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