Whole sample analysis of bio-oils and thermal cracking fractions by Py-GC/MS and TLC–FID

Alsbou, Eid; Helleur, Robert

doi:10.1016/j.jaap.2013.01.003

Cited by 20 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In contrast, some compounds had an increase in abundance within the first day of aging, with those being compounds 1, 2, 30, 31, 32, and 33. In the case of ash bio-oil, compounds 13,17,22,24,26,28,36, and 37 decreased significantly with aging, while compounds 1, 2, 16, 29, and 30 increased in abundance during the first day and then decreased as aging progressed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Accelerated Aging of Bio-oil from Fast Pyrolysis of Hardwood

2014

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Bio-oil is chemically and thermally unstable during storage and transportation. For that reason, it is necessary to evaluate the changes in the properties (chemical and physical) of bio-oil during storage to understand its chemical instability, which will further assist researchers in stabilization strategies. This paper describes the evaluation of an accelerated aging process on the physical and chemical properties of bio-oil from fast pyrolysis of ash and birch woods using two different pyrolyzers, a pilot scale (auger) and lab scale (tube furnace), respectively. The produced oils (freshly made) were aged at 80°C over different periods (1, 3, and 7 days) in sealed nitrogen-purged Nalgene vessels. Fresh oil was analyzed alongside aged oils. Bio-oils were characterized by viscometer, Karl Fischer titration (H 2 O), pyrolysis−gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), photo-microscopy, 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The water content, viscosity, decomposition temperature (TGA) and ash content levels in bio-oil samples all increased as the aging period lengthened. GC/MS analysis showed a major reduction in GC-analyzable components. The mass of residue remaining after pyrolysis−GC/MS increased, and the structures of pyrolysis products of this non-volatile residue along with NMR and FTIR data suggest the following aging processes; some of the reactive compounds undergo polymerization or reaction with other compounds, including olefins, alcohols, and aldehydes. Some possible reaction mechanisms are given. The oils remained as a single phase throughout the initial study period; however, on day 7, a clear phase separation was observed by photo-microscopy.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Accelerated Aging of Bio-oil from Fast Pyrolysis of Hardwood

2014

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“…The most common analytical tools used to characterize bio-oil include high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography (GC) for compound identification [370,[373][374][375][376][377][378][379], gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and HPLC-Mass Spectroscopy (HPLC-MS) for larger compound identification, 1 H, 13 C, and (derivatized) 31 Phosphorus Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ( 31 P-NMR) [382][383][384], Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy [385], Karl Fischer titration for water content determination, and thermogravimetric analysis [386]. In addition to each technique's limitations and the range of compounds that can be detected, it could be challenging to interpret or quantify results when oil yields are small.…”

Section: Bio-oil Characterization Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Summary of bio-oil properties and common measurement techniques[370,[373][374][375][376][377][378][379] …”

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confidence: 99%

The multi-scale challenges of biomass fast pyrolysis and bio-oil upgrading: Review of the state of art and future research directions

Sharifzadeh

Sadeqzadeh

Guo

et al. 2019

Progress in Energy and Combustion Science

378

129

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“…However, only volatile organic compounds, which account for approximately 30% of the total composition of bio-oil, can be detected by GC-MS. A single analytical method is impossible to analyze bio-oil completely due to its complexity and diversity of the components. Both chromatographic and spectroscopic methods, such as GC, − high pressure liquid chromatography, − NMR spectroscopy, − gel permeation chromatography, , and FTIR spectroscopy, − have been used for the chemical characterization of bio-oils. The developments and applications of those methods have been well summarized in previous reviews. − Hence, only the applications of the advanced methods derived from those techniques in recent years are covered in this review.…”

Section: Characterization Of Bio-oilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in the Characterization Methods of Biomass Pyrolysis Products

Jiang

Sheng

Jiang

2019

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Biomass is a renewable resource that currently accounts for 10% of the total global energy load. Thermochemical technologies, particularly pyrolysis, are widely used in biomass conversion due to their high reaction and conversion rates compared with biochemical transformation. Understanding the pyrolysis process and the properties of pyrolytic products is essential to obtain further valorized pyrolytic products, such as bio-oil-based chemicals and biochar-based carbonaceous materials. Thus, fully characterizing pyrolysis and its products is imperative. This review focuses on recent advances in pyrolysis-characterization methods, particularly on the online characterization of biomass pyrolytic intermediates and spectroscopic and microscopic imaging methods for biochar and bio-oil. We further discuss how these characterizations help elucidate the pyrolysis mechanism and extend the utilization of pyrolytic products. The drawbacks and improvement prospects of current methods are also discussed.

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Whole sample analysis of bio-oils and thermal cracking fractions by Py-GC/MS and TLC–FID

Cited by 20 publications

References 30 publications

Accelerated Aging of Bio-oil from Fast Pyrolysis of Hardwood

Accelerated Aging of Bio-oil from Fast Pyrolysis of Hardwood

The multi-scale challenges of biomass fast pyrolysis and bio-oil upgrading: Review of the state of art and future research directions

Advances in the Characterization Methods of Biomass Pyrolysis Products

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