Why a Species-Based Approach to Biodiversity Is Not Enough. Lessons from Multispecies Biofilms

Silva, Jorge Marques da; Casetta, Elena

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-10991-2_9

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…In addition to their importance for human health, cultural heritage, ecological processes and biotechnological applications, biofilms are genuine objects of deep scientific interest. The complexity of internal organization of some multispecies biofilms, including autotrophic biofilms, resembles multicellular organisms, raising the question of whether biofilms are evolutionary individuals, i.e., whether they are capable of evolutionary change [54,55]. Therefore, biofilms may help to solve some fundamental problems of theoretical biology and philosophy of biology.…”

Section: Photosynthetic Biofilmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Laser-Induced Fluorescence in Functional Studies of Photosynthetic Biofilms

Silva

Utkin

2018

Processes

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Biofilms are a ubiquitous form of life for microorganisms. Photosynthetic biofilms such as microphytobenthos (MPB) and biological soil crusts (BSC) play a relevant ecological role in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, respectively. On the other hand, photosynthetic epilithic biofilms (PEB) are major players in the microbial-induced decay of stone structures of cultural heritage. The use of fluorescence techniques, namely, pulse-amplitude-modulated fluorometry, was crucial to understanding the photophysiology of these microbial communities, since they made it possible to measure biofilms' photosynthetic activity without disturbing their delicate spatial organization within sediments or soils. The use of laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) added further technical advantages, enabling measurements to be made at a considerable distance from the samples, and under daylight. In this Perspective, we present state-of-the-art LIF techniques, show examples of the application of LIF to MPB and present exploratory results of LIF application to BSC, as well as to PEB colonizing stone structures of cultural heritage. Thereafter, we discuss the perspectives of LIF utilization in environmental research and monitoring, in cultural heritage conservation and assessment, and in biotechnological applications of photosynthetic biofilms.Processes 2018, 6, 227 2 of 15 by a lamp or a laser. The use of laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) brought further advances in the study of photosynthetic biofilms, as it allows measurements under daylight and at a considerable distance from the samples. In this Perspective, we present the state-of-the-art in LIF techniques and show examples of their application to MPB. In addition, we present exploratory results of LIF application to BSC and PEB. To conclude, we discuss the perspectives of LIF utilization in environmental research and monitoring, in cultural heritage conservation and assessment, as well as in biotechnological applications of photosynthetic biofilms. Laser-Induced Fluorescence (LIF)A typical setup used for LIF measurements is shown in Figure 1. Fluorescence is excited by a pulsed laser with a pulse duration of several nanoseconds. The most commonly used source is an Nd:YAG Q-switched solid-state laser emitting at the wavelength of 355 or 532 nm (correspondingly, in the frequency-tripled or -doubled mode): it combines robustness and low fabrication and maintenance costs with high electrical-to-optical power efficiency and significant quantum yield. The freshly emitted laser pulse irradiates the sample and excites the fluorescence emission. A part of this emission is collected by light-gathering optics, which can easily be developed based on off-the-shelf low-cost collimators (e.g., several F810SMA collimation packages, optimized for specific but rather wide wavelength regions [10]). To prevent backscattered laser radiation from entering the collimator and saturating or damaging the spectrometer, a longpass filter, with a cut-off wavelength slightly larger than the operating wavelength of the...

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Section: Photosynthetic Biofilmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Laser-Induced Fluorescence in Functional Studies of Photosynthetic Biofilms

Silva

Utkin

2018

Processes

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“…Culture‐based approaches and crystal violet (CV) staining are simple techniques that are widely used to differentiate strain isolation and measure biofilm biomass, respectively (L. Yuan, Hansen, et al., 2020). Metagenomic is typically used to identify microbial species in microbial communities and assess cell functional capacity (Marques da Silva & Casetta, 2019). Likewise, it could also play a role in studies on multispecies biofilms (Fan et al., 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multispecies biofilms in fermentation: Biofilm formation, microbial interactions, and communication

Yao

Hao

Zhou

et al. 2022

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

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Food fermentation is driven by microorganisms, which usually coexist as multispecies biofilms. The activities and interactions of functional microorganisms and pathogenic bacteria in biofilms have important implications for the quality and safety of fermented foods. It was verified that the biofilm lifestyle benefited the fitness of microorganisms in harsh environments and intensified the cooperation and competition between biofilm members. This review focuses on multispecies biofilm formation, microbial interactions and communication in biofilms, and the application of multispecies biofilms in food fermentation. Microbial aggregation and adhesion are important steps in the early stage of multispecies biofilm formation. Different biofilm-forming abilities and strategies among microorganisms lead to several types of multispecies biofilm formation. The spatial distribution of multispecies biofilms reflects microbial interactions and biofilm function. Then, we discuss the intrinsic factors and external manifestations of multispecies biofilm system succession. Several typical interspecies cooperation and competition modes and mechanisms of microbial communication were reviewed in this review. The main limitations of the studies included in this review are the relatively small number of studies of biofilms formed by functional microorganisms during fermentation and the lack of direct evidence for the formation process of multispecies biofilms and microbial interactions and communication within biofilms. This review aims to provide the food industry with a sufficient understanding of multispecies biofilms in food fermentation.

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Die Rolle von naturnaher Waldwirtschaft und Totholzmanagement für die Walderholung

Sacher

Mayer

2022

RaumFragen: Stadt – Region – Landschaft

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Why a Species-Based Approach to Biodiversity Is Not Enough. Lessons from Multispecies Biofilms

Cited by 4 publications

References 70 publications

Application of Laser-Induced Fluorescence in Functional Studies of Photosynthetic Biofilms

Application of Laser-Induced Fluorescence in Functional Studies of Photosynthetic Biofilms

Multispecies biofilms in fermentation: Biofilm formation, microbial interactions, and communication

Die Rolle von naturnaher Waldwirtschaft und Totholzmanagement für die Walderholung

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