Why are there several species of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato detected in dogs and humans?

Skotarczak, Bogumiła

doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2014.02.014

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…The meadow or ornate dog tick (Dermacentor reticulatus) is an important vector for Babesia canis, as is the brown dog tick (Rhipicephalus sanguineus) for Babesia vogeli in the Mediterranean region (Table 1). B. burgdorferi, the pathogen responsible for Lyme borreliosis (LB), was named after Dr. Willy Burgdorfer, who first discovered the bacterium in ticks in 1981 (reviewed by Horst 2003;Skotarczak 2014). They represent relatively large, helical-shaped (spiral) bacteria belonging to the spirochaetes (order Spirochaetales).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on current information, pathogenicity (in the course of experimental and natural infections) in the dog has been demonstrated conclusively only for Bbss, especially in the light of Koch's postulates complying after experimental infections (Hovius et al 2000;Straubinger 2000;Straubinger et al 2000;Liebisch and Liebisch 2003a;Littman et al 2006;Wagner et al 2012;Skotarczak 2014). A. phagocytophilum is an obligate intracellular gram-negative bacterium, belonging to the order of Rickettsiales.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tick-borne Diseases (Borreliosis, Anaplasmosis, Babesiosis) in German and Austrian Dogs: Status quo and Review of Distribution, Transmission, Clinical Findings, Diagnostics and Prophylaxis

et al. 2015

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Tick-borne diseases (TBD) in dogs have gained in significance in German and Austrian veterinary practices. The widespread European tick species Ixodes ricinus represents an important vector for spirochaetes of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato group and Rickettsiales such as Anaplasma phagocytophilum. The meadow or ornate dog tick (Dermacentor reticulatus) is an important vector for Babesia canis, as is the brown dog tick (Rhipicephalus sanguineus) for Babesia vogeli in the Mediterranean region. The present work covers pathogen transmission by tick vectors, including the mechanisms and the minimum intervals required, in conjunction with possible non-vector-borne transmission routes. It also addresses the incubation periods, pathogenicity and clinical findings associated with each pathogen and genospecies and presents case examples. Current data on prevalence, annual fluctuations and distribution in various pre-selected dog populations (symptomatic versus asymptomatic) in both countries are depicted in maps. Reasons for changes in prevalence (especially of Borrelia) are discussed. Criteria and algorithms for clinical diagnosis and monitoring in dogs, including case history, direct detection (blood smears, molecular detection by species-specific PCR and sequencing) and indirect methods (whole-cell and peptide-based antibody tests), are presented, together with laboratory abnormalities (haematology, clinical chemistry, urine). The role of anti-C6 antibody concentration (ACAC) and its correlation with proteinuria and Lyme nephritis are assessed on the basis of new data. Consideration is also given to the importance of blood smears, PCR and serology in the case of anaplasmosis and babesiosis, and the diagnostic value of combining these methods. The relevance of molecular differentiation of Anaplasma species (A. phagocytophilum versus A. platys) and Babesia spp. (large versus small forms) in cases of serological cross-reaction is emphasized. A summary is given of methods for prophylaxis using acaricide products (collars, spot-on solutions and oral treatments in both countries), vaccination (Borrelia and Babesia vaccines) and imidocarb-based chemoprophylaxis for large Babesia.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tick-borne Diseases (Borreliosis, Anaplasmosis, Babesiosis) in German and Austrian Dogs: Status quo and Review of Distribution, Transmission, Clinical Findings, Diagnostics and Prophylaxis

et al. 2015

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“…Lyme disease is a frequently seen tick-borne infection in the Northern Hemisphere. [16][17][18][19][20] Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato is a group of spirochete bacteria that has been identified in at least 19,21,22 Ixodes ricinus has a four-stage life cycle: egg, larva, nymph, and adult. Only female ticks feed on blood from a vertebrate host at every active stage, and B. burgdorferi transmission occurs through saliva during the bite.…”

Section: -10mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The transmission of Lyme disease by mosquitoes, flies, or fleas is not proven. 3,19 Lyme borreliosis is a complex systemic illness that includes various symptoms related to the skin, heart, nervous system, and musculoskeletal system. The most common clinical symptom is erythema migrans for localized infection.…”

Section: -10mentioning

confidence: 99%

Unexpected Risks for Campers and Hikers: Tick-Borne Infections

Dinç

Demiraslan

Doğanay

2017

Int J Travel Med Glob Health

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“…However, there have been some single cases of dogs infected with B. garinii and B. afzelii [97]. Approximately, 5% of dogs develop clinical signs of Lyme disease when exposed to B. burgdorferi.…”

Section: The Disease In Dogsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial canine vector-borne zoonotic diseases in “One Health” concept

Valiakos

2016

Int J One Health

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Canine vector-borne diseases constitute a large group of diseases transmitted by arthropods with worldwide distribution. A wide range of bacterial, viral, and parasitic agents that are transmitted by vectors cause disease to dogs, many of which can also affect humans and thus have an important zoonotic potential. Bacterial agents that are transmitted by vectors have been considered less important than viral or parasitic agents and are not commonly discussed in companion animal practice. However, close contact between pet animals and people offers favorable conditions for transmission of these bacteria. Many of these diseases have become a focus of interest for scientists in recent years. Increase in reservoir abundance, climate change, changing habitat structure, socio-political changes, and imports of dogs for welfare reasons and trade as well as traveling are considered to be potential factors for the pathogens and vectors introduction into new areas. Apart from, the veterinary aspect of these diseases, domestic dogs could play a central epidemiological role in the transmission of bacterial agents to humans, acting as reservoirs and sentinels, a circumstance that requires a One Health approach. This review highlights the most important of these bacterial agents, presenting updated current knowledge with special reference to treatment approach and One Health aspect.

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Why are there several species of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato detected in dogs and humans?

Cited by 18 publications

References 85 publications

Tick-borne Diseases (Borreliosis, Anaplasmosis, Babesiosis) in German and Austrian Dogs: Status quo and Review of Distribution, Transmission, Clinical Findings, Diagnostics and Prophylaxis

Tick-borne Diseases (Borreliosis, Anaplasmosis, Babesiosis) in German and Austrian Dogs: Status quo and Review of Distribution, Transmission, Clinical Findings, Diagnostics and Prophylaxis

Unexpected Risks for Campers and Hikers: Tick-Borne Infections

Bacterial canine vector-borne zoonotic diseases in “One Health” concept

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