Why are women victims or perpetrators in Nigeria’s Boko Haram? Recruitment, roles and implications

Oluwaniyi, Oluwatoyin O.

doi:10.1080/02589001.2020.1849580

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Despite this reality, women and girls’ responses to violence in this setting are not monolithic. Amidst shifting terrains of risk, food insecurity, and severe poverty, some women and girls have seen in Boko Haram opportunities to advance their freedom and protection, and joined the insurgency as messengers, smugglers, recruiters, or religious converts [ 45 ]. Given the diverse ways in which women in northeast Nigeria engage with the ongoing social and political conflict, they may be cast as sympathetic or complicit with Boko Haram by Nigerian state forces or community members, and be victimized as a result.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunities and challenges in preventing violence against adolescent girls through gender transformative, whole-family support programming in Northeast Nigeria

Koris

Steven²,

Akika³

et al. 2022

Confl Health

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Background Household violence is one of the most prevalent forms of gender-based violence faced by adolescent girls in humanitarian settings. A growing evidence base demonstrates the extent to which multiple forms of familial violence, including intimate partner violence, violence against children, and sibling violence overlap in the same households. However, existing evidence of family support programming that effectively reduces violence against girls by addressing intersecting forms of household violence are limited, particularly in the Global South. Through a qualitative implementation evaluation informed by a grounded theoretical approach, we explored the perceived impact of a gender transformative, whole-family support intervention aimed at building adolescent girls’ protective assets against violence, among program participants in two communities of internally displaced people Maiduguri, Borno State, Northeast Nigeria. Methods We conducted six in-depth interviews and six focus group discussions with adult caregivers; six participatory activities and four paired interviews with adolescent girls and boys; and 12 key informant interviews with program staff. Criterion sampling was used to recruit 21 male caregivers, 21 female caregivers, 23 adolescent boys, and 21 adolescent girls; purposive sampling was used to recruit 12 program staff to participate in qualitative research activities. We audio recorded, translated, and transcribed all interviews. In a collaborative coding process, a multi-stakeholder team used applied thematic analysis in Dedoose to identify emergent themes in the data. Results Participants reported a decreased tolerance for and perpetration of violence against girls at the household level, and endorsed their right to protection from violence at the community level. However, alongside these self-reported changes in attitude and behavior, aspects of normative, patriarchal norms governing the treatment of adolescent girls were maintained by participants. Conclusions This study builds the evidence base for gender transformative, whole-family support programming and its impact on preventing violence against adolescent girls in humanitarian emergencies. Situating our findings in a feminist analysis of violence, this study calls attention to the complexity of gender norms change programming amongst families in conflict-affected settings, and highlights the need for programming which holistically addresses the relational, community, and structural drivers of violence against girls in emergencies.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunities and challenges in preventing violence against adolescent girls through gender transformative, whole-family support programming in Northeast Nigeria

Koris

Steven²,

Akika³

et al. 2022

Confl Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Del Villar (2019) pointed out instances of women's involvement in acts of terrorism related to recruiting new members and smuggling weapons in Israel, Russia, Turkey, and Iraq. The involvement of women in acts of terrorism is not only carried out individually but also in groups, such as the Boko Haram organization in Nigeria, the Irish Republican Army (IRA) in Ireland, the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam in Northeastern Sri Lanka, the Red Brigades in Italy, and the Syrian Social Nationalist Party (SSNP) in Syria (Oluwaniyi, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transitivity and critical discourse analysis on a testament: A woman’s involvement in jihad

Gunawan

Kuraedah

Amir

et al. 2023

SiELE

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While a plethora of scholars have explored a growing body of research on women’s involvement in Jihad, there is still a paucity of studies addressing it using the hybridity of transitivity analysis and critical discourse analysis. The present study examined a testament left by an Indonesian woman involved in what she fallaciously called ‘Jihad’. To collect the data, the document analysis was adopted, meanwhile, Halliday and Matthiessen’s transitivity analysis (2004) and Fairclough’s critical discourse analysis (2003) were employed to analyze the data. The findings demonstrated that the experience of the woman’s involvement in jihad was described by the dominant use of material process verbs (59.4%), followed by relational process (19%), mental process (13.5%), and verbal process (8.1%). The transitivity analysis showcases that the testament is not an average text with a religious message or instructions to deal with the left property; instead, it contains a message of the Salafi Jihadist ideology of the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS), which might put people’s lives in peril. The five core teachings of ISIS encapsulate the message of ideological teachings, including jihad (struggle in the context of religious war), takfiri (ex-communication), al-wala’ and al-barra’ (loyalty and disavowal for the sake of God), tauhid (unitary oneness of God), and tahkimiyah (the rule of God – both religiously and politically). The study findings implicate that we must raise awareness of all kinds of testaments left by the jihadi woman because these testaments may contain a global jihadist doctrine. With this in mind, we will not be easily persuaded to join a Salafi jihadist organization.

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A Gendered Dimension in Understanding Armed Banditry in Northwest Nigeria: Vulnerability and Involvement

Iwara,

Ayandele

2024

Armed Banditry in Nigeria

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Why are women victims or perpetrators in Nigeria’s Boko Haram? Recruitment, roles and implications

Cited by 5 publications

References 26 publications

Opportunities and challenges in preventing violence against adolescent girls through gender transformative, whole-family support programming in Northeast Nigeria

Opportunities and challenges in preventing violence against adolescent girls through gender transformative, whole-family support programming in Northeast Nigeria

Transitivity and critical discourse analysis on a testament: A woman’s involvement in jihad

A Gendered Dimension in Understanding Armed Banditry in Northwest Nigeria: Vulnerability and Involvement

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