Why are you so tolerant? Towards the relationship between consumer expectations and level of involvement

What drives consumer expectations for institutional food? Identifying antecedents of normative and predictive expectations in baby boomers

“…It appears that in this context, disconfirmation sensitivity represents a type of involvement or importance of food in the individuals' lives. Previous studies suggested that involvement could contribute to heightened expectations (Pereira Filho & Moreno Añez, 2021), which supports this finding. Contrary to previous research, the expected negative effect of disconfirmation sensitivity on expectations did not occur in either sample.…”

“…In the context of this study, subjective knowledge of food may be viewed as an indicator of involvement, in the sense that both represent how important food is to the consumer. Given knowledgeable consumers' tendency to judge products by higher standards (Alba et al, 1994), and recent research on involvement (Pereira Filho & Moreno Añez, 2021), we hypothesize that subjective knowledge has a positive association with expectations of institutional food. However, we expect the positive effect to be stronger for normative expectations, compared to predictive expectations.…”

“…These findings indicate that subjective knowledge may increase consumers' standards, confidence, and attitudes toward a product or behavior. Although research on how subjective knowledge influences expectations is lacking, recent studies have found a positive association between involvement and expectations (Krishnamurthy & Kumar, 2018; Pereira Filho & Moreno Añez, 2021). In the context of this study, subjective knowledge of food may be viewed as an indicator of involvement, in the sense that both represent how important food is to the consumer.…”

“…Thus, although the effect of internal factors on other consumer constructs, such as attitudes, intentions, and persuasion (Bai et al, 2019; Chen, 2007; Chen & Lee, 2008; Haugtvedt et al, 1992), is well‐established, there is a need for research on how internal factors influence consumer expectations. Previous studies have suggested that internal traits such as need for cognition (Webster, 1989), involvement (Krishnamurthy & Kumar, 2015; Pereira Filho & Moreno Añez, 2021), disconfirmation sensitivity (Kopalle & Lehmann, 2001), and temporal orientation (Kopalle et al, 2010) might influence expectations. There is, however, a lack of studies that empirically investigate the influence of several internal factors on various types of consumer expectations.…”

Consumer Citizenship Behavior in Online/Offline Shopping Contexts: Differential Impact of Consumer Perceived Value and Perceived Corporate Social Responsibility

“…Such information can rapidly circulate online, leading to decreased consumer tolerance. Notably, the online shopping context, characterized by a lack of direct interpersonal interaction and real-time feedback, along with increased information complexity, inherently results in lower consumer tolerance for products and services compared to offline contexts [55]. Based on these insights, the following hypotheses are proposed: Hypothesis 4 (H4).…”