Why Do Maize Hybrids Respond Differently to Variations in Plant Density?

Sarlangue, Tomás; Andrade, Fernando H.; Calviño, Pablo; Purcell, Larry C.

doi:10.2134/agronj2006.0205

Cited by 121 publications

(143 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…8, as well as from Sarlangue et al (2007) are not supportive of earlymaturing hybrids. In both studies, earliness was accompanied by lower yield per area potential and higher OP, i.e., stronger dependence on population.…”

Section: Current Crop Management Statusmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Improved prolificacy was regarded by Tokatlidis et al (2005) as the key factor for hybrids of low and broad OP. Sarlangue et al (2007) reported optimum for HI populations of 12.7 plants/m 2 for hybrid Romario that exhibited the lowest PYP, 10.6 plants/m 2 for hybrid P37P73 with an intermediate PYP, and only 6.5 plants/m 2 for the highest yielding at low population DK688. Boomsma et al (2009) discovered that strong responsiveness of grain yield per plant to reduced plant crowding accompanies higher HI values and better nitrogen use efficiency, suggesting a relatively high level of reproductive partitioning and plasticity.…”

Section: Environmental Yield Index (Eyi) and Crop Yield Potential (Cyp)mentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Data from Norwood (2001) and from Sarlangue et al (2007) deserve special consideration. Figure 8 reveals that high yield potential at the per-unit ground area level, i.e., EYI of a hybrid, does not necessarily require high plant population.…”

Section: Environmental Yield Index (Eyi) and Crop Yield Potential (Cyp)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Assuming the hybrid with the lowest PYP as the baseline (H1), the hybrid H5 exhibited threefold higher PYP and almost half OP(D). A parallel declining pattern for OP and increasing pattern for CYP when plant yield potential increases is drawn from Sarlangue et al (2007). They evaluated three hybrids, the short-season Romario, the mid-season P37P73, and the long-season DK688.…”

Section: Environmental Yield Index (Eyi) and Crop Yield Potential (Cyp)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerous studies demonstrated the use of the quadratic model (y0a+bx−cx 2 ) to best describe the grain yield response to population changes (Echarte et al 2000;Sangoi et al 2002;Blumenthal et al 2003;Shanahan et al 2004;Hashemi et al 2005;Stanger and Lauer 2006;Sarlangue et al 2007;Berzsenyi and Tokatlidis 2012). Consequently, the per unit ground area maximum yield and the required number of plants were computed from the quadratic equation, corresponding to the CYP and optimum population (OP(q)), respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Adapting maize crop to climate change

Tokatlidis

2012

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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Global weather changes compel agriculture to be adequately productive under diverse and marginal conditions. In maize, modern hybrids fail to meet this requirement. Although breeding has achieved spectacular progress in grain yield per area through improved tolerance to stresses, including intense crowding, yields at low plant population densities remain almost unchanged. Stagnated plant yield potential renders hybrids unable to take advantage of resource abundance at lower populations, designating them population dependent. Consequently, the optimum population varies greatly across environments. Generally, the due population increases as the environmental yield potential gets higher. As a remedy, relatively low populations are recommended for low-input conditions leading to inappropriate population in occasional adequacy of resources and considerable yield loss. For example, for a rain-fed hybrid tested at one location across 11 seasons, crop yield potential and optimum population on the basis of the quadratic yield-plateau model varied from 1,890 to 8,980 kg/ha and 4.56 to 10.2 plants/m 2 , respectively, while 100 % yield loss is computed in the driest season if the optimum population for the most favorable season is used. The article reviews the consequences in terms of crop sustainability under widely diverse environments imposed by climatic changes and proposes crop management strategies to address the situation. The major points are: (1) variableyielding environments require variable optimum populations, (2) population dependence is an insurmountable barrier in making a decision on plant population, (3) farmers suffer from considerable yield and income loss, (4) estimating the less population-dependent hybrids among the currently cultivated ones is a major challenge for agronomists, and (5) the development of population-neutral hybrids is a fundamental challenge for maize breeding. Honeycomb breeding is a valuable tool to pursue this goal since it places particular emphasis on the so-far stagnated plant yield potential that is essential for population-neutral hybrid development.

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Section: Current Crop Management Statusmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Environmental Yield Index (Eyi) and Crop Yield Potential (Cyp)mentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Environmental Yield Index (Eyi) and Crop Yield Potential (Cyp)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Environmental Yield Index (Eyi) and Crop Yield Potential (Cyp)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Adapting maize crop to climate change

Tokatlidis

2012

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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Strategies for Enhancing Grain Yield in Maize

Tollenaar¹,

Lee²

2010

Plant Breeding Reviews

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Improved plant yield efficiency alleviates the erratic optimum density in maize

Mylonas

Sinapidou

Remountakis³

et al. 2020

Agronomy Journal

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Plant yield efficiency (PYE) reflects the ability of the single-plant to respond to additional inputs and is fully expressed at the nil-competition regime (an ultra-low density to preclude inter-plant interference for inputs). The purpose of this study was to determine if PYE could prevent the erratic optimum plant density-yield interaction effect in maize (Zea mays L.). Seven hybrids were evaluated across five environments at four densities, under both the normal-input regime (NIR) and low-input regime (LIR). Plant yield efficiency was measured at the lowest density approaching the nil-competition regime (0.74 plants m -2 ), while crop (per area) yield potential was estimated at the highest density corresponding to the typical farming density in the NIR (8.89 plants m -2 ). In terms of optimum density, the hybrids varied extensively in the NIR (6.64-8.81 plants m -2 ) but performed similarly in the LIR (5.11-5.61 plants m -2 ). The hybrid displaying the highest PYE also had high harvest index (HI) and low anthesis to silking interval (ASI) and was proved the most stable according to various stability statistics including the genotype and genotype by environment (GGE) biplot model. In conclusion, crop yield by density interaction is a matter of hybrid. Hybrids with low PYE have inconsistent optimum density, which is a causal factor of yield loss in rainfed maize. High PYE improves hybrid flexibility and performance at low densities ultimately enhancing crop resilience to extremely fluctuating environments.Abbreviations: AMMI, additive main effect and multiplicative interaction; ASI, anthesis to silking interval; G × E, genotype by environment interaction; GGE, genotype and genotype × environment; HI, harvest index; LIR, low-input regime; NIR, normal-input regime; PYE, plant yield efficiency.

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Why Do Maize Hybrids Respond Differently to Variations in Plant Density?

Cited by 121 publications

References 35 publications

Adapting maize crop to climate change

Adapting maize crop to climate change

Strategies for Enhancing Grain Yield in Maize

Improved plant yield efficiency alleviates the erratic optimum density in maize

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