Why do premature newborn infants display elevated blood adenosine levels?

Abstract

Link to publicationCitation for published version (APA): Panfoli, I., Cassanello, M., Bruschettini, M., Colella, M., Cerone, R., Ravera, S., ... Ramenghi, L. (2016). Why do premature newborn infants display elevated blood adenosine levels ? Medical Hypotheses, 90, 53-56. DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2016 General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.• Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research.• You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. WHY DO PREMATURE NEWBORN INFANTS DISPLAY ELEVATED BLOOD ADENOSINE LEVELS?Isabella ABSTRACTOur preliminary data show high levels of adenosine in the blood of very low birth weight (VLBW) infants, positively correlating to their prematurity (i.e. body weight class). This prompted us to look for a mechanism promoting such impressive adenosine increase. We hypothesized a correlation with oxygen challenge. In fact, it is recognized that either oxygen lack or its excess contribute to the pathogenesis of the injuries of prematurity, such as retinopathy (ROP) and periventricular white matter lesions (PWMI). The optimal concentration of oxygen for resuscitation of VLBW infants is currently under revision.We propose that the elevated adenosine blood concentrations of VLBW infants recognizes two sources. The first could be its activity-dependent release from unmyelinated brain axons.

Metabolic Signature of Microvesicles from Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells of Preterm and Term Infants

“…It is currently supposed that premature oxygen exposure contributes to the pathogenesis of the observed injuries . Our preliminary data showed that the blood of VLBW infants contains high levels of adenosine, as a function of body weight . The oxygen challenge may promote the observed adenosine increase.…”

“…As discussed previously, the presence in the exosome membranes of CD39 and CD73, two ecto‐enzymes that convert ATP to adenosine, may be the reason for missed detection of ATP . This would also justify the elevated blood adenosine content of the premature infants . Interestingly, MVs express P2Y1 and P2 × 1 purinergic receptors (see Supporting Information, Table 1).…”

Purinergic Signaling in the Cardiovascular System

“…Premature newborn infants display elevated levels of adenosine in the blood, and it has been claimed that this is because of blood-brain barrier immaturity. 97 P2X7 receptor suppression preserves blood-brain barrier integrity after intracerebral hemorrhage. 98 All subtypes of P1 adenosine receptors, A 1 , A 2A , A 2B , and A 3 , are expressed by vascular endothelium, A 2A and A 2B receptors being dominant.…”

Risk Factors of Retinopathy of Prematurity Associated with Delayed Retinal Vascular Development

“…The pathologies that we have studied may increase stress and fetal hypoxia and consequently, adenosine levels. In fact, the activity of adenosine is higher where oxygen demand is higher, such as in the retina (10,26).…”