Why do they violate the procedures? – An exploratory study within the maritime transportation industry

Bye, Rolf Johan; Aalberg, Asbjørn Lein

doi:10.1016/j.ssci.2019.104538

Cited by 26 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Contrary to the hypothesized relationship between SMS and safety culture that is described above, several studies report discrepancies between formal and informal aspects of safety in organizations [26,33,34]. Thus, it seems that a positive safety culture does not necessarily follow from SMS implementation.…”

Section: Potential Barriers To Sms Implementaionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…This can be explained by, e.g., SMS that are poorly adapted to the companies in question, by referring to the nature of the working activities, to the competence of the personnel, etc. [26,34]. These factors can also be related to the size and maturity of companies, etc.…”

Section: Potential Barriers To Sms Implementaionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have, however, seen that there are several differences between the road sector and the transport sectors with SMS requirements, which may represent barriers to SMS implementation in the road sector, including: (1) no international regulatory or standard setting body in road transport of the kind responsible for aviation (ICAO) or maritime transport (IMO); (2) a large share of non-professional road users; (3) many small companies; (4) high proportion of owner-drivers; and (5) low organizational maturity, indicated, e.g., by low degree of reporting of incidents and little systematic focus and follow up of indicators measuring performance [22]. The factors related to small companies and maturity have also been found to be relevant in some subsectors in the maritime sector, where studies indicate poorly adapted SMS and violations of procedures [29,34]. These studies indicate that SMS implementation may fail, and that it does not necessarily leads to improved safety culture.…”

Section: Policy Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Work-Related Accident Prevention in Norwegian Road and Maritime Transport: Examining the Influence of Different Sector Rules

2021

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About 36% of fatal road accidents in Norway involve at least one driver who is “at work”. It has been argued that the implementation of rules clearly defining the responsibility of road transport companies to prevent work related accidents, by implementing safety management systems (SMS), could lead to increased safety. In the present study we tested the validity of this suggestion, by examining the influence of different sector rules on work-related accident prevention in Norwegian road and maritime transport. In contrast to the road sector, the maritime sector has had rules requiring SMS for over 20 years, clearly defining the shipping companies responsibility for prevention of work-related accidents. The aims of the study were to: (1) examine how the different sector rules influence perceptions of whether the responsibility to prevent work-related accidents is clearly defined in each sector; and (2) compare respondents’ perceptions of the quality of their sectors’ efforts to prevent work-related accidents, and factors influencing this. The study was based on a small-scale survey (N = 112) and qualitative interviews with sector experts (N = 17) from companies, authorities, and NGOs in the road and the maritime sectors. Results indicate that respondents in the maritime sector perceive the responsibility to prevent work-related accidents as far more clearly defined, and they rate their sector’s efforts to prevent accidents as higher than respondents in road. Multivariate analyses indicate that this is related to the scope of safety regulations in the sectors studied, controlled for several important framework conditions. Based on the results, we conclude that the implementation of SMS rules focused on transport companies’ responsibility to prevent work-related accidents could improve safety in the road sector. However, due to barriers to SMS implementation in the road sector, we suggest starting with a simplified version of SMS.

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Section: Potential Barriers To Sms Implementaionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Potential Barriers To Sms Implementaionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Policy Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Work-Related Accident Prevention in Norwegian Road and Maritime Transport: Examining the Influence of Different Sector Rules

2021

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“…In these work environments, competence is often closely related to knowledge acquired through personal involvement. The work is often performed as per norms and common sense, rather than written procedures [ 29 ]. Know-how and experienced-based embodied knowledge is thus key in high-risk professions in which recognizing, adapting to, and handling the unanticipated events are vital to staying safe [ 30 ].…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety Management in Norwegian Fish Farming: Current Status, Challenges, and Further Improvements

Thorvaldsen

Størkersen

Kongsvik

et al. 2021

Safety and Health at Work

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Background Safety management is required to ensure health and safety of personnel in Norwegian fish farming. However, few studies have addressed the status and practical relevance of this risk-reducing measure. Methods This article provides new knowledge through interviews with 35 employees at different company levels, addressing perceptions of various safety management activities according to managers and operational personnel. Results The interviews show that managers and operational personnel at fish farms agree that the quantity of measures aimed to improve safety has increased in recent years. However, some activities are perceived to have higher practical relevance than others. In general, measures that fit well with the practical reality are well received by the employees at the fish farms. Conclusion Suggested improvements include involving operational personnel in the design of procedures, considering all risk dimensions that may affect occupational health and safety, and challenging the value of specific safety activities based on a detailed knowledge of the distinctive characteristics of work practice in fish farming.

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“…They emphasized the importance of modelling approaches trying to seize the inter‐relationships among components of SMSs. Accident analysis studies have shown that inadequate risk management, failure in communication, poor judgement, ineffective and inadequate use of technology and inadequate training are among the most frequent causes identified by the reports of accident investigators (Acejo, Sampson, Turgo, Ellis, & Tang, 2018; Bailey, Ellis, & Sampson, 2012; Bye & Aalberg, 2020; Hu, Li, Xi, Gu, & Zhang, 2019; Kim, 2020; Qiao, Liu, Ma, & Liu, 2020). Bailey (2006) discusses the variations between the perceptions of the risk of workers from different management levels and emphasizes the lack of worker participation and consultation which are not mentioned in the text of safety managing procedures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coordinating the ISM Code and OHSAS procedures to improve the occupational health and safety at sea

Gül

Kabak

Topçu

2020

Multi Criteria Decision Anal

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An occupational health and safety management system (OHSMS) is a set of people, resources, and policies interacting in an organized way to reduce damage and losses generated in the workplace. Although there are various OHSMSs in the shipping industry, the International Safety Management (ISM) Code which is managed by the International Maritime Organization is mandatory for all shipping companies. Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series (OHSAS) 18,001:2007 is a good alternative to strengthen the implementation performance of the ISM Code. An integrated ISM-OHSAS safety system can potentially construct a more powerful and practical OHSMS by redesigning safety procedures in ships as a workplace. This study aims to build a more comprehensive OHSMS for assessing and improving the safety at sea by coordinating the constituents of the ISM Code and OHSAS. The criteria sets of both systems are analysed using a Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory approach to reveal the relations between each other. The result of the proposed approach that represents the connections among important safety constituents may be very useful especially for shipping companies for designing their safety management processes.

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Why do they violate the procedures? – An exploratory study within the maritime transportation industry

Cited by 26 publications

References 57 publications

Work-Related Accident Prevention in Norwegian Road and Maritime Transport: Examining the Influence of Different Sector Rules

Work-Related Accident Prevention in Norwegian Road and Maritime Transport: Examining the Influence of Different Sector Rules

Safety Management in Norwegian Fish Farming: Current Status, Challenges, and Further Improvements

Coordinating the ISM Code and OHSAS procedures to improve the occupational health and safety at sea

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