Why do you cruise? Exploring the motivations for taking cruise holidays, and the construction of a cruising motivation scale

Hung, Kam; Petrick, James F.

doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2010.03.008

Cited by 227 publications

(183 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Hung and Petrick (2011) found that among the motivation items for American cruisers, escape/relaxation contributes the most to intention to cruise, followed by learning/discovery and thrill, self-esteem/social recognition, and bonding, with all four factors substantially and significantly aiding the understanding of cruise intention.…”

Section: Intentionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Hung and Petrick (2011) examined the influence of cruising motivation on cruise intention. Their study found a positive relationship between the two variables.…”

Section: Relationships Among Expectation Motivation and Intentionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These results are different from those found in mature cruise markets such as North America. In a study of North American cruisers' motivations (Hung & Petrick, 2011), the most reported motivations for cruising were "To experience other cultures", "To gain knowledge", "To escape", "To give my mind a rest", and "To enjoy activities that provide a thrill". On the other hand, the results of the current study show similarities with other cruise motivation studies conducted in the Greater China area.…”

Section: Expectation Motivation and Intentionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Potential Mainland Chinese Cruise Travelers’ Expectations, Motivations, and Intentions

Fan

Hsu

2014

Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing

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Abstract:The global cruise industry is the fastest growing sector in the entire leisure market. Due to the limited development of the Chinese cruise sector and government controls on outbound travel, the cruise, especially the outbound cruise, is a new concept in China. Few studies have addressed Chinese consumers' perceptions of cruises. This study aimed to explore the preferences of potential Chinese cruisers and their expectations, motivations, and intentions in relation to taking an outbound cruise. This study also proposed and tested a conceptual framework: the Expectation, Motivation, and Intention (EMI) Model. Data were collected in Beijing and Shanghai; 242 valid responses were received. The results partially supported the proposed model. The theoretical and practical contributions of the study are discussed.

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Section: Intentionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Hung and Petrick (2011) examined the influence of cruising motivation on cruise intention. Their study found a positive relationship between the two variables.…”

Section: Relationships Among Expectation Motivation and Intentionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Expectation Motivation and Intentionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Potential Mainland Chinese Cruise Travelers’ Expectations, Motivations, and Intentions

Fan

Hsu

2014

Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing

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“…Also, given that the motivations of the pleasure travel market are well researched, authors are exploring the motivations of other prominent niche markets such as backpacker tourism (Maoz, 2007), wine tourism (White & Thompson, 2009), events (Nicholson & Pearce, 2001), culture and heritage tourism , battlefield and dark tourism (Hyde & Harman, 2011;Kang et al, 2012), rural tourism (Devesa et al, 2010), volunteer tourism (Chen & Chen, 2011), cruise tourism (Hung & Petrick, 2011), adventure and eco-tourism (Buckley, 2012;Kerstetter et al, 2004) and medical tourism (Ye et al, 2011).…”

Section: Motivationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consumer behaviour in tourism: Concepts, influences and opportunities

Cohen

Prayag

Moital

2013

Current Issues in Tourism

568

333

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Although consumer behaviour (CB) is one of the most researched areas in the field of tourism, few extensive reviews of the body of knowledge in this area exist. This review article examines what we argue are the key concepts, external influences and opportune research contexts in contemporary tourism CB research. Using a narrative review, we examine the CB literature published in three major tourism journals from 2000 to 2012. Of 519 articles identified and reviewed, 191 are included in this article. We examine the development of and scope for future research on nine key concepts, including decision-making, values, motivations, self-concept and personality, expectations, attitudes, perceptions, satisfaction, trust and loyalty. We then examine three important external influences on tourism behaviour, technology, Generation Y and the rise in concern over ethical consumption. Finally, we identify and discuss five research contexts that represent major areas for future scholarship: group and joint decision-making, under-researched segments, cross-cultural issues in emerging markets, emotions and consumer misbehaviour. Our examination of key research gaps is concluded by arguing that the hedonic and affective aspects of CB research in tourism must be brought to bear on the wider CB and marketing literature.Keywords: consumption; travel; behaviour; marketing; research agenda Introduction Consumer behaviour (CB) involves certain decisions, activities, ideas or experiences that satisfy consumer needs and wants (Solomon, 1996). It is 'concerned with all activities directly involved in obtaining, consuming and disposing of products and services, including the decision processes that precede and follow these actions' (Engel, Blackwell, & Miniard, 1995, p. 4). CB remains one of the most researched areas in the marketing and tourism fields, with the terms 'travel behaviour' or 'tourist behaviour' typically used to describe this area of inquiry. Few comprehensive reviews of the literature on CB concepts and models exist in the field of tourism. Exceptions include Moutinho (1993) who reviews the social and psychological influences on individual travel behaviour with the aim of developing a model of tourist behaviour and Dimanche and Havitz (1995) Tourism, 2014 Vol. 17, No. 10, 872 -909, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2013 four concepts (ego-involvement, loyalty and commitment, family decision-making and novelty-seeking) in an attempt to methodologically advance CB in tourism studies.A lack of comprehensive reviews is not only due to the extensive breadth of the topic area itself, but also because travel behaviour is generally considered as a continuous process that includes varied yet inter-correlated stages and concepts that cannot always be analysed separately (Mill & Morrison, 2002). Tourism researchers have reviewed individual concepts (e.g. Riley, Niininen, Szivas, & Willis, 2001, on loyalty), specific influences (e.g. Moutinho, 1993, on social influences on CB), and particular research contexts (e.g. Hong, Lee, L...

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“…Lee et al, 2014); cruise tourism (Fan & Hsu, 2014;Hung & Petrick, 2011); recreational vehicle holidays (Wu & Pearce, 2014); and cycle tourism (Ritchie, Tkaczynski, & relax, and enhancing relationships), then surrounding them, a range of other important motivations (inner directed motivations such as self-actualization and externally directed motivations such as culture, nature, and host site involvement). Finally, the outer layer of the TCP consists of less common or important variables, such as nostalgia and social status.…”

Section: Tourism Motivationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incentive Travel: a Theoretical Perspective

Mair¹

2015

Event Management

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Despite the economic importance of the meetings, incentives, conferences, and exhibitions (MICE) industry, it remains relatively underresearched. The area of incentive travel is particularly lacking in academic research and remains without a strong theoretical foundation. Anecdotal evidence suggests that incentive travel is seen as an important and significant reward by organizations and their employees. However, while considerable research has examined how to motivate employees in the workplace, including the use of incentives, there has been little examination of why travel makes such as good incentive. In an effort to address this gap, this conceptual article integrates tourism motivation literature with the literature on employee motivation, with particular reference to expectancy theory. Expectancy theory suggests that the valence of a reward (its attractiveness) is a key component of motivating employees. Travel motivation theory helps to explain which particular aspects of travel make it an attractive reward. The article presents an introductory conceptual framework for understanding the relationship between incentive travel and employee motivations and acts as a foundation for future research in this area.

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Why do you cruise? Exploring the motivations for taking cruise holidays, and the construction of a cruising motivation scale

Cited by 227 publications

References 44 publications

Potential Mainland Chinese Cruise Travelers’ Expectations, Motivations, and Intentions

Potential Mainland Chinese Cruise Travelers’ Expectations, Motivations, and Intentions

Consumer behaviour in tourism: Concepts, influences and opportunities

Incentive Travel: a Theoretical Perspective

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