This paper investigates the role of observed official inflation-target adjustments in aggregate macroeconomic fluctuations in Indonesia, using an estimated Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium model. The paper finds that these adjustments or shocks play a non-trivial role in the fluctuations of inflation and nominal interest rate in Indonesia. Output fluctuations, however, are virtually unaffected. A counterfactual exercise shows that a faster disinflation policy, through an immediate decrease in Bank Indonesia's inflation target, may have resulted in a lower average inflation and nominal interest rate, with virtually no output loss. The paper also provides additional insights on the contribution of various shocks in driving aggregate fluctuations in Indonesia. Technology and monetary-policy shocks are found to be the main driving factor for both output and inflation fluctuations. Movements in the nominal interest rate are mostly driven by preference and riskpremium shocks, with inflation-target shocks playing a larger role in the longer run.Keywords: inflation target, inflation-target adjustments or shocks, DSGE model for Indonesia, source of aggregate fluctuations, Bank Indonesia. *Thanks to Yunjong Eo for valuable discussions and suggestions. Comments and suggestions from an anonymous referee are gratefully acknowledged. All errors are mine. The online appendix of the paper can be found at Since 2005, the official targets are set by the government, in close coordination with and with input from Bank Indonesia, through a Minister of Finance's decree. The targets are established for three year periods and are usually announced in advancefor example, the targets for 2013, 2014, and 2015 were set and announced in the second quarter of 2012 through Decree No. 66/PMK.011/2012. Each announced target is a mid-point target, with AE1 per cent tolerance band. Ó 2019 The Economic Society of Australia 2019 INFLATION TARGET ADJUSTMENTS DSGE INDONESIA 2 Copaciu et al. (2015) develop and estimate a large-scale DSGE model for the Romanian economy. In the paper, actual inflation-target data are used as one of the observables. 3An earlier version of this paper considers another extension of the standard model involving a money-holding friction due to a cash-in-advance (CIA) constraint. This additional friction is motivated by the fact that Indonesia is still largely a cash-oriented society (records from BI show that in 2015 almost 90 per cent of all transactions in Indonesia are cash transactions). While the inclusion of this friction improves the marginal likelihood of the model and the estimated CIA parameter is economically and statistically significant, the baseline results and their interpretation are largely the same, with or without this friction.