The aim of this paper is to analyze the main publications of Ludwig von Mises in terms of research topics, results, and methodology. This makes it possible to see in which substantive positions he deviated from the mainstream of the economic discipline. A short description of his remarkable achievements in the academic discipline of economics and related research fields is the basis to explore and better understand Mises’s professional position in economics and the social sciences. Based on these results, Mises’s extraordinary position in the field of economics will become clear. Contrary to often quoted statements in the economic literature, it will become clear that Mises’s position was unique but not isolated.