Why Is Europe More Equal than the United States?

Blanchet, Thomas; Chancel, Lucas; Gethin, Amory

doi:10.1257/app.20200703

Cited by 43 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Thus it appears that countries with higher CBC have both high effective wage floors and compact wage distributions. This is consistent with decades of inequality research finding that high CBC contributes in particular to the compression of gross wages (the pre-distribution), leaving less work for redistributive institutions to level out the playing field in terms of net disposable income inequality (Blanchet et al 2021, Howell 2021).…”

Section: Descriptive Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

Decent Wage Floors in Europe: Does the Minimum Wage Directive Get it Right?

2022

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Section: Descriptive Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

Decent Wage Floors in Europe: Does the Minimum Wage Directive Get it Right?

2022

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“…For the middle 40%, income shares are very similar across the three countries, although across the entire period, France has the highest income share and the US the lowest, and the gap widened slightly between 1991 and 2018. Recent work shows that if Europe is less unequal than the US, it has more to do with lower levels of pre-tax income inequality than with more equalizing tax-and-transfer systems (Blanchet et al 2022). We can draw the same conclusion for Australia.…”

Section: Stata Graph Intcomp_ Ptninc_sh2supporting

confidence: 64%

Distributional National Accounts for Australia, 1991-2018

Fisher-Post¹,

Herault

Wilkins

2022

SSRN Journal

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“…It is striking that the poorest half of the population in the United States has emission levels comparable with the European middle 40%, despite being almost twice as poor as this group in purchasing power parity terms 17 . Conversely, the top 10% of the population in East Asia emits notably more than its European counterpart (40 tCO 2 e vs 29 tCO 2 e, respectively).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global carbon inequality over 1990–2019

Chancel

2022

Nat Sustain

Self Cite

253

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limate change and economic inequalities are among the most pressing challenges of our times, and they are interrelated: failure to contain climate change is likely to exacerbate inequalities within and between countries 1-4 and economic inequalities within countries tend to slow the implementation of climate policies 5,6 . To properly understand the relationship between economic inequality and climate change, sound and timely data about the distribution of greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions between individuals and across the globe are needed. Such information is currently missing. As a matter of fact, researchers, policymakers and civil society struggle to establish even basic facts about which groups of the population contribute to emissions growth, or mitigation. This jeopardizes any efforts towards sustainable lifestyles.This paper addresses these issues by harnessing recent conceptual and empirical progress in the measurement of income, wealth and GHG emissions. Compared with previous work on global carbon inequality 7-10 , this paper presents three major developments in terms of data, methods and scope.First, the paper uses novel income and wealth inequality data from the World Inequality Database 11 to track inequality from the bottom to the top of the distribution. These economic inequality data are combined with GHG footprints from input-output models thanks to a newly assembled set of country-level information on the link between individual emissions, consumption and income in more than 100 countries. The methodology therefore makes it possible to track individual GHG emission levels with more precision than previous longitudinal carbon inequality estimates 9 . Second, the method developed allows explicitly distinguishing between emissions from private consumption and investments, making it possible to better understand the drivers of emissions among wealthy groups. Third, the paper focuses on the distribution of emissions over the 1990-2019 period, that is, from the first Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report to the eve of the Covid-19 pandemic. The three decades saw critical shifts in the distribution of world economic growth 12 , which have not been systematically studied from the point of view of GHG emissions inequality.There are two broad approaches to the measurement of global carbon inequality. 'Bottom-up' approaches use household-level microdata to produce macroestimates. This is the approach taken by

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Why Is Europe More Equal than the United States?

Cited by 43 publications

References 41 publications

Decent Wage Floors in Europe: Does the Minimum Wage Directive Get it Right?

Decent Wage Floors in Europe: Does the Minimum Wage Directive Get it Right?

Distributional National Accounts for Australia, 1991-2018

Global carbon inequality over 1990–2019

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