Why is exploitation of Arctic offshore oil and natural gas resources ongoing? A multi-level perspective on the cases of Norway and Russia

Morgunova, Maria

doi:10.1080/2154896x.2020.1757823

Cited by 22 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…As technological advances and interest in outer space continue to expand, state satellite capabilities will only grow further. The US military is exploring how innovations like over-the-horizon radar, technologies capable of detecting objects at much longer ranges, could be coupled with organizational developments like the Space Force to open doors for Arctic domain awareness (The Department of the Air Force 2020, [7][8]. Norway has constructed a new space-based Automatic Identification System (AIS) capable of surveilling the country's entire coast (The Norwegian Government 2006, 32) to monitor shipping, support search and rescue, and in "exercise of sovereignty" (32).…”

Section: Spacementioning

confidence: 99%

A New (Cold) Front in Polar Intelligence? Trends and Implications of Technology-Enabled Monitoring in the Arctic

Urban

2021

JSPG

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The Arctic has gained increasing attention from defense and intelligence policymakers concerned about great power conflict in the High North. United States-Russian competition in the region over polar shipping routes and natural resources seemingly contradicts institutional commitments to retain the Arctic as a “low tension zone.” Superpowers and their allies are receiving international condemnation for advancing kinetic military activity in the region while constituents and interest groups are instead advocating for diplomacy and cooperative restraint. As a result, Arctic nations are turning towards extensive reconnaissance and monitoring of the region to deter conflict. This study draws on strategy documents from each of the eight Arctic nations, scholarly research, and news coverage to assemble a picture of current efforts at technology-enabled monitoring. It also examines the potential of technologies such as long-range surveillance drones, satellites, and seabed monitors to facilitate near-constant reconnaissance by polar powers. The current deterrence mindset of Arctic security postures bears comparison with Cold War-era efforts to prevent outright conflict via monitoring and mitigation strategies. This study provides a historic account of Arctic intelligence in the 20th century and uses a comparative approach to assess what aspects of the contemporary situation are genuinely new and which may benefit from lessons of the Cold War. It concludes with policy recommendations for Arctic states to implement cohesive northern monitoring strategies into their intelligence organizations as well as long-term guidelines for new multilateral fora focused explicitly on Arctic security issues.

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Section: Spacementioning

confidence: 99%

A New (Cold) Front in Polar Intelligence? Trends and Implications of Technology-Enabled Monitoring in the Arctic

Urban

2021

JSPG

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“…Russia is one of the key players in the Arctic and has ambitions to continue developing its hydrocarbon Arctic deposits [3][4][5]. Russia's Arctic hydrocarbon resources are estimated to consist of 13 billion tons of oil and about 86 trillion cubic meters of gas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Future of Energy and the Case of the Arctic Offshore: The Role of Strategic Management

Carayannis

Ilinova

Cherepovitsyn

2021

JMSE

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As risk and uncertainty factors have become more prominent in the already volatile energy market because of the COVID-19 pandemic, the development of Arctic hydrocarbon resources has become a debatable issue. At any rate, oil and gas companies need to improve their strategic management systems (along with the development of technologies) for the successful implementation of such complex projects. The purpose of this study was to propose the conceptual basis for transforming strategic management and planning systems of oil and gas companies so that they can successfully face global challenges when implementing offshore oil and gas projects in the Arctic as well as provide more sustainable energy sources. The article discusses the current situation with Arctic initiatives and the results of an analysis of price instability in the energy sector, along with an analysis of several megatrends affecting oil and gas companies. All this allows for presenting a conceptual vision of how a strategic management system should be transformed in order to become able to meet the requirements for implementing Arctic projects, with the emphasis being placed on sustainability, management requirements, and the key principles. The research is based on the fundamentals of strategic management and strategic planning and relies on methods such as desk study, content analysis, event analysis, comparative analysis, and factor analysis.

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“…It includes the activities of Russian government programs and investment plans of infrastructure companies in the Russian Arctic regions and cities. Morgunova (2020) discussed that many research works analyzed the Arctic' oil and natural gas exploitation, thus, it is growing interested towards the Arctic reserves and future Arctic energy production (Morgunova, 2020) (Bennett, 2014). Kuersten (2019) consider to improve Arctic governance and increase collaboration in the gas sphere (Kuersten, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

China and Russia Energy Strategy Development: Arctic LNG

Steblyanskaya

Qingchao²,

Razmanova

et al. 2021

IJEEP

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Nowadays, the LNG market is a derivative of the traditional gas market and has certain advantages over pipeline gas supplies. Many countries, including the Russian Federation, are trying to consolidate their positions in the relatively new and growing LNG market. In the paper, Sino-Russia Energy strategy perspectives until 2030 are being analyzed in detail. The authors analyze the Arctic LNG case as the most crucial for both countries' collaboration. The Arctic is considered as the new strategic frontier of China. China is a critical Arctic stakeholder as it is written in the newly released white paper China's Arctic Policy. The authors use Python 3.4. modeling for testing the influence of economic, social and environmental factors on Sino-Russia energy collaboration. The methodology consists of foresight analysis, including principal component isolation (further-PCA) method and SARIMA analysis. Research results show that the values of the components in Russia and China industries are drastically different. However, some components would be significantly developed due to Russia's existing trends by 2030. Indeed, it can be concluded that the dissimilarity between Russia and China' oil and gas industries would increase by 2030, as indicated by the first, second and fourth components. China's oil and gas industry has a stable trend for development.

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Why is exploitation of Arctic offshore oil and natural gas resources ongoing? A multi-level perspective on the cases of Norway and Russia

Cited by 22 publications

References 33 publications

A New (Cold) Front in Polar Intelligence? Trends and Implications of Technology-Enabled Monitoring in the Arctic

A New (Cold) Front in Polar Intelligence? Trends and Implications of Technology-Enabled Monitoring in the Arctic

The Future of Energy and the Case of the Arctic Offshore: The Role of Strategic Management

China and Russia Energy Strategy Development: Arctic LNG

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