Why Knowing What To Do Is Not Enough

Keizer, A.C. de; Tiemeijer, Will; Bovens, Mark

doi:10.1007/978-94-024-1725-8

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Nevertheless, studies conducted both before ( Keizer et al, 2019 ) and during ( Xie et al, 2020 ) the COVID pandemic have shown that various factors influence compliance with officially recommended health measures, which in turn should increase prevention success, including cognitive ability or disposition to pay attention, understand, memorize, or enact official guidelines. Thus far, however, no single study has investigated a comprehensive range of COVID-related precautionary behaviors and their dependence on multiple cognitive factors (see Xie et al for the effect of working memory).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive Predictors of Precautionary Behavior During the COVID-19 Pandemic

et al. 2021

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The attempts to mitigate the unprecedented health, economic, and social disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic are largely dependent on establishing compliance to behavioral guidelines and rules that reduce the risk of infection. Here, by conducting an online survey that tested participants’ knowledge about the disease and measured demographic, attitudinal, and cognitive variables, we identify predictors of self-reported social distancing and hygiene behavior. To investigate the cognitive processes underlying health-prevention behavior in the pandemic, we co-opted the dual-process model of thinking to measure participants’ propensities for automatic and intuitive thinking vs. controlled and reflective thinking. Self-reports of 17 precautionary behaviors, including regular hand washing, social distancing, and wearing a face mask, served as a dependent measure. The results of hierarchical regressions showed that age, risk-taking propensity, and concern about the pandemic predicted adoption of precautionary behavior. Variance in cognitive processes also predicted precautionary behavior: participants with higher scores for controlled thinking (measured with the Cognitive Reflection Test) reported less adherence to specific guidelines, as did respondents with a poor understanding of the infection and transmission mechanism of the COVID-19 virus. The predictive power of this model was comparable to an approach (Theory of Planned Behavior) based on attitudes to health behavior. Given these results, we propose the inclusion of measures of cognitive reflection and mental model variables in predictive models of compliance, and future studies of precautionary behavior to establish how cognitive variables are linked with people’s information processing and social norms.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive Predictors of Precautionary Behavior During the COVID-19 Pandemic

et al. 2021

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“…Individual consumers increasingly bear the responsibility of ensuring their personal financial plan is efficient enough to support themselves through retirement (Gaar et al, 2022). Thus, consumers are met with the responsibility for managing their own investments and bear the onus for their investment decisions and the consequential risk thereof (Keizer et al, 2019; Peteros & Maleyeff, 2015; Xiao et al, 2014). This is problematic, as research demonstrates that retail investors have limited financial literacy (Klapper & Lusardi, 2020) and, due to cognitive biases, tend to depart from the fundamental principles of standard finance, resulting in sub‐optimal economic outcomes (Campbell, 2006; Firth, 2020; Hirshleifer, 2001; Odean, 1999; Tversky & Kahneman, 1974).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards an integrated debiasing framework for consumer financial decisions: A reflection on debiasing research

Jugnandan

Willows

2023

Int J Consumer Studies

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Consumers are subject to cognitive biases, which impede the rationality of their financial decisions. This is problematic, given the onus on the individual to make investment and savings decisions. Thus, there is an impetus for research to identify mitigation strategies. This qualitative review surveys the debiasing literature to identify the prevalent debiasing approaches and proposes an integrated model towards debiasing. The identified core debiasing strategies (education and training, decision support systems, information aspects, experience, and financial advice) are organized and integrated into a single model using the 'Antecedents, Decisions, Outcomes' format developed by Paul and Benito. We also propose an agenda for future debiasing research.

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“…For example, the greater compliance of conscientious individuals might be due to their greater tendencies toward responsibility and their higher likelihood of adhering to norms and rules ( Carvalho et al, 2020 ; Clark et al, 2020 ; Aschwanden et al, 2021 ; Blagov, 2021 ; Zettler et al, 2022 ), but also due to their sense of organization and orderliness. The tendency of conscientious individuals to think ahead, make plans, and be firmly in control might help them in carrying out plans, persevere, and cope with obstacles ( Keizer et al, 2019 ). These two accounts are by no means mutually exclusive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adhering to COVID-19 health guidelines: A behavioral-failure perspective

Rusou

Diamant

2022

Front. Psychol.

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The mitigation of pandemics like that caused by the current COVID-19 virus is largely dependent on voluntary public adherence to government rules and regulations. Recent research has identified various individual covariates that account for some of the variance in compliance with COVID-19 behavioral guidelines. However, despite considerable research, our understanding of how and why these factors are related to adherence behavior is limited. Additionally, it is less clear whether disease-transmitting behaviors during a pandemic can be understood in terms of more general behavioral tendencies. The current research has examined the utility of a behavioral-failure lens in predicting adherence to COVID-19 guidelines and in illuminating mechanisms underlying the previously established relationship between Conscientiousness and adherence. In the two studies reported here, individual variations in the predisposition to behavioral failures predicted adherence to COVID-19 measures, and mediated the relationships between Conscientiousness and adherence. The Failure Proneness (FP) questionnaire predicted compliance with COVID-19 guidelines, while the Cognitive Failure Questionnaire (CFQ) did not. The results of hierarchical regressions showed that COVID-19 behavior was predicted only through the intentional factors (and mainly by Noncompliance-Violations). Hence, our data lend support to the notion that noncompliance with official COVID-19 prevention guidelines is driven mainly by intentional factors related to violation of norms and rules. The theoretical and practical implications of this finding are discussed.

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Why Knowing What To Do Is Not Enough

Cited by 10 publications

References 28 publications

Cognitive Predictors of Precautionary Behavior During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Cognitive Predictors of Precautionary Behavior During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Towards an integrated debiasing framework for consumer financial decisions: A reflection on debiasing research

Adhering to COVID-19 health guidelines: A behavioral-failure perspective

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