Wickerhamomyces Yeast Killer Toxins’ Medical Applications

Giovati, Laura; Ciociola, Tecla; Simone, Tiziano De; Conti, Stefania; Magliani, Walter

doi:10.3390/toxins13090655

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 78 publications

(99 reference statements)

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“…to produce killer toxins and other species in the genera Pichia and Williopsis has received significant attention due to their potential application in the field of plant protection. (Giovati et al 2021). Killer toxins, also known as KTs or mycocins, are secreted proteins or glycoproteins that eliminate susceptible microorganisms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylloplane Yeasts on Cocoa and Their Abilities to Inhibit Phytophthora palmivora In Vitro

Kusuma,

Tanzil,

Efendi

2024

J Fitopatol Indones

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Cocoa is an economically valuable plantation commodity, but its cultivation often faces a significant challenge, which is caused by the Phytophthora palmivora. Phylloplane yeast has an important role in protecting plant surfaces from pathogen infection. The aim of the study was to assess the diversity of phylloplane yeasts found on cocoa fruits, and determine them as biological control agents for P. palmivora. The metode include isolating yeasts from young, old and rotten cocoa pods and testing them as antagonists against P. palmivora. The findings of this study yielded eight yeast isolates that were significant in inhibiting the growth of P. palmivora. These isolates spanned across six genera, including Debaryomyces sp., Metschnikowia sp., Zygosaccharomyces sp., Candida sp., Wickerhamomyces sp., and Cryptococcus sp. Candida sp.2 and Wickerhamomyces sp. as particularly promising species species that had a consistently resistant level of inhibitory effect, achieved percentage inhibition of 36.26% (10.8 mm) and 34.44% (9.6 mm), respectively.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylloplane Yeasts on Cocoa and Their Abilities to Inhibit Phytophthora palmivora In Vitro

Kusuma,

Tanzil,

Efendi

2024

J Fitopatol Indones

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“…Structurally KTs are glycoproteins or proteins with a variable spectrum of activity; however, the list of yeasts producers of KTs is constantly being updated [185,186].…”

Section: Antibiosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(with a broad spectrum activity) includes panomycocin, which is a monomeric glycoprotein (49 KDa) with exo-β-1,3-glucanase activity, that binds glucans at the cell wall and, by glucandegradation, kills the susceptible host. Furthermore, given efficacy against dermatophytes causal agents such as Candida spp., panomycocin was proposed for topical application as an antifungal compound [186]. Among BCAs, another species that has the killer phenotype (K+) is the yeast-like fungus Aureobasidum pullulans, well characterized for its antagonistic activity against postharvest fungal pathogens [193].…”

Section: Antibiosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances and Perspectives in the Use of Biocontrol Agents against Fungal Plant Diseases

et al. 2022

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The use of synthetic fungicides to control fungal diseases has growing limitations due to eco-toxicological risks. Therefore, it is necessary to replace or integrate high risk chemicals with safer tools for human health and environment. Consequently, research on the selection, evaluation, characterization, and use of biocontrol agents (BCAs) has consistently increased in the last decades. BCA formulates, particularly in some countries, are still scarce in coping with the growing demand for their use in sustainable agricultural management. To foster development and utilization of new effective bioformulates, there is a need to optimize BCA activity, to share knowledge on their formulation processes and to simplify the registration procedures. Studies based on new molecular tools can significantly contribute to achieve such objectives. The present review provides the state of the art on biocontrol of fungal plant diseases with special emphasis on (i) features of the most studied BCAs; (ii) key strategies to optimize selection and use of BCAs (iii); mechanisms of action of the main BCAs; (iv) molecular tools and metagenomic studies in the selection and use of BCAs; (v) main issues and constraints in the registration and commercialization of BCAs, and (vi) perspectives in the biocontrol of fungal plant diseases.

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“…This species can be found in the environment and, more specifically, on grapes in vineyards and in winery facilities, and has been used in wineries for the improvement of wine quality and production [ 22 , 23 ]. Additionally, toxins produced by this species could also be of medical use against specific microbial pathogens [ 24 ]. In that direction, W. anomalus has significant antifungal activity against several fungal pathogens in different hosts [ 25 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungemia by Wickerhamomyces anomalus—A Narrative Review

Ioannou,

Baliou,

Kofteridis

2024

Pathogens

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Wickerhamomyces anomalus has been previously classified as Hansenula anomala, Pichia anomala, and Candida pelliculosa and was recently reclassified in the genus Wickerhamomyces after phylogenetic analysis of its genetic sequence. An increasing number of reports of human infections by W. anomalus have emerged, suggesting that this microorganism is an emerging pathogen. The present review aimed to provide data on the epidemiology, antifungal resistance, clinical characteristics, treatment, and outcomes of fungemia by W. anomalus by extracting all the available information from published original reports in the literature. PubMed/Medline, Cochrane Library, and Scopus databases were searched for eligible articles reporting data on patients with this disease. In total, 36 studies involving 170 patients were included. The age of patients with fungemia by W. anomalus ranged from 0 to 89 years; the mean age was 22.8 years, the median age was 2.2 years, with more than 37 patients being less than one month old, and 54% (88 out of 163 patients) were male. Regarding patients’ history, 70.4% had a central venous catheter use (CVC), 28.7% were on total parenteral nutrition (TPN), 97% of neonates were hospitalized in the neonatal ICU (NICU), and 39.4% of the rest of the patients were hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU). Previous antimicrobial use was noted in 65.9% of patients. The most common identification method was the matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) in 34.1%, VITEK and VITEK 2 in 20.6%, and ID32 C in 15.3%. W. anomalus had minimal antifungal resistance to fluconazole, echinocandins, and amphotericin B, the most commonly used antifungals for treatment. Fever and sepsis were the most common clinical presentation noted in 95.8% and 86%, respectively. Overall mortality was 20% and was slightly higher in patients older than one year. Due to the rarity of this disease, future multicenter studies should be performed to adequately characterize patients’ characteristics, treatment, and outcomes, which will increase our understanding and allow drawing safer conclusions regarding optimal management.

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Wickerhamomyces Yeast Killer Toxins’ Medical Applications

Cited by 12 publications

References 78 publications

Phylloplane Yeasts on Cocoa and Their Abilities to Inhibit Phytophthora palmivora In Vitro

Phylloplane Yeasts on Cocoa and Their Abilities to Inhibit Phytophthora palmivora In Vitro

Advances and Perspectives in the Use of Biocontrol Agents against Fungal Plant Diseases

Fungemia by Wickerhamomyces anomalus—A Narrative Review

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