Wideband reciprocity tunable electromagnetically induced transparency in complementary graphene metasurface

Abstract

A reciprocity electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) effect can be obtained in the complementary graphene metasurface structure. The EIT spectra can be obtained whether the excitation was input from a positive or reverse direction. The transmission of the structure which consisted of a graphene square (GS) and the graphene circle of hollowed air square (GCHAS) placed on the top and bottom of the polyimide layer was discussed. A wideband EIT window was found in the structure of GCHAS as bright mode and GS as dark mode by the finite integration time domain method. The EIT effect can be tuned by the chemical potential, the electron-phonon relaxation time of graphene, and the widths of GCHAS and GS, respectively. The polarization insensitive EIT effect can be obtained. The transmission mechanism is interpreted by giving the electric and magnetic field distributions at certain frequencies. The effective permittivity of the structure was calculated by method of inversion. These results can be applied for many areas, such as wideband wavelength slow-light devices, active plasmon switching and bidirectional devices.

Electromagnetically induced transparency metamaterial with strong toroidal dipole response

“…Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) [17][18][19] is the classical resonant transparency in metamaterials. The transmission spectrum forms a sharp transparency peak at a specific frequency through energy level coupling [20].…”

Electromagnetically induced transparency metamaterials: theories, designs and applications

“…Slowing down light has enormous potentials in optical fields for that it enables to enhance light-matter interactions [3,18,37]. Especially, the EIT phenomenon in metamaterial always brings with intense dispersion effect, which allows it to realize slow light.…”

“…Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) originates in a quantum physics system, where a narrow and sharp transparent window is formed due to the destructive interference among different excitation pathways within a broad absorption area [1][2][3][4][5]. This narrow transparent window is usually accompanied by abrupt phase variations and strong dispersions [6][7][8], which brings great convenience to its applications in realms of sensors [9][10][11][12][13], slow lights [14][15][16][17][18], absorbers [19][20][21][22][23], optical modulators [24,25], nonlinear enhancements [26,27], etc.…”

Transmittion and slow-light analysis based on tunable plasmon-induced transparency in patterned monolayer graphene metamaterial and its sensing application

“…The linear energy-momentum dispersion near the Dirac point renders electrons travelling at a constant velocity of 3×10 6 m/s in graphene, which implies that graphene-based electronics and optoelectronics have the potential to operate at speed of THz [22]. The permittivity of the graphene ε g can be written as [23] ϵ g = 1 + iσ ϵ 0 ωd g where d g is the thickness of graphene layer, ϵ 0 is the permittivity in the vacuum, σ is the surface conductivity of graphene, and ω is the angular frequency. The complex surface conductivity of graphene consists of the inter-band and intra-band contributions.…”