Wideband Vibrations Rejection of Tip-Tilt Mirror Using Error-Based Disturbance Observer

Abstract

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Compensation Techniques Aimed at Mitigating Vibrations in Optical Ground-Based Telescopes: A Systematic Review

“…The details of the general characteristics of the different studies are summarized in Table 1 . The included studies took place in three countries: three studies took place in Germany [ 20 , 34 , 35 ], four in China [ 32 , 36 , 37 , 38 ] and one in Italy [ 39 ]. The study of Muradore et al [ 40 ] was an Italian–German cooperation.…”

“…Muradore et al [ 40 ] tested their algorithm at the ESO-VLT. The systems presented by Niu et al [ 37 ] and Tang et al [ 32 , 36 , 38 ] refer in general to optical telescopes with AO control.…”

“…(c) Sensing technology. Six of the studies [ 32 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 ] use image sensors. Of these, Agapito et al [ 39 ] uses a pyramidal WFS, while Muradore et al [ 40 ] uses a WFS.…”

“…(d) Study goals. Vibration reduction in the tip–tilt–mirror modes (tip–tilt–piston mirror) is the focus of most studies [ 32 , 34 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 ], since these modes quantify the image displacements in two orthogonal directions [ 39 ]. Böhm’s studies [ 20 , 35 ] were focused on the compensation of piston aberrations by minimizing the OPD.…”

“…Since most of the studies focus on suppressing frequencies of tip–tilt modes, the range is narrower, specifically the vibration frequencies are concentrated in the range 0–21 Hz. The frequency spectrum in the study of Niu et al [ 37 ] ranges from 7.5 to 12.5 Hz; Tang’s et al study [ 38 ] ranges from 0 to 11 Hz; whereas the studies by Tang et al [ 36 ] and Agapito et al [ 39 ] range from 0 to 20 Hz. In the case of studies on larger telescopes, such as LBT or VLST, the frequency range spans further.…”