Widespread multiple insecticide resistance in the major dengue vector<scp><i>Aedes albopictus</i></scp>in Hainan Province, China

Li, Yiji; Zhou, Guofa; Zhong, Daibin; Wang, Xiaoming; Hemming-Schroeder, Elizabeth; David, Randy E.; Lee, Ming‐Chieh; Zhong, Saifeng; Yi, Guohui; Liu, Zhuanzhuan; Cui, Guzhen; Yan, Guiyun

doi:10.1002/ps.6222

Cited by 27 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…In Guangzhou, it is common to use multiple pyrethroid insecticides, with at least three kinds of pyrethroid insecticides applied in the same area [ 40 ]. In Hainan, 73.3–100.0% of the households use different pyrethroid insecticides for mosquito control [ 10 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The pattern of kdr mutations correlated with the temperature in field populations of Aedes albopictus in China

Chen

Zhou

Dong³

et al. 2021

Parasites Vectors

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Background Aedes albopictus is the primary vector of dengue fever in China. This mosquito species has a wide distribution range in China and can be found in the tropical climate zones of southern provinces through to temperate climate zones of northern provinces. Insecticides are an important control method, especially during outbreaks of dengue fever, but increasing insecticide resistance raises the risk of failure to control vector-borne diseases. Knockdown resistance (kdr) caused by point mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) gene is a key mechanism that confers resistance to pyrethroids. In this study we explored the characteristics and possible evolutionary trend of kdr mutation in Ae. albopictus based on analysis of the kdr mutations in field populations of mosquitoes in China. Methods A total of 1549 adult Ae. albopictus were collected from 18 sites in China from 2017 to 2019 and 50 individuals from three sites in the 1990s. A fragment of approximately 350 bp from part of the S6 segment in the VGSC gene domain III was amplified and sequenced. Using TCS software version 1.21A, we constructed haplotypes of the VGSC gene network and calculated outgroup probability of the haplotypes. Data of annual average temperatures (AAT) of the collection sites were acquired from the national database. The correlation between AAT of the collection site and the kdr mutation rate was analyzed by Pearson correlation using SPSS software version 21.0. Results The overall frequency of mutant allele F1534 was 45.6%. Nine mutant alleles were detected at codon 1534 in 15 field populations, namely TCC/TCG (S) (38.9%), TTG/CTG/CTC/TTA (L) (3.7%), TGC (C) (2.9%), CGC (R) (0.3%) and TGG (W) (0.1%). Only one mutant allele, ACC (T), was found at codon 1532, with a frequency of 6.4% in ten field populations. Moreover, multiple mutations at alleles I1532 and F1534 in a sample appeared in five populations. The 1534 mutation rate was significantly positively related to AAT (Pearson correlation: r(18) = 0.624, P = 0.0056), while the 1532 mutation rate was significantly negatively related to AAT (Pearson correlation: r(18) = − 0.645, P = 0.0038). Thirteen haplotypes were inferred, in which six mutant haplotypes were formed by one step, and one additional mutation formed the other six haplotypes. In the samples from the 1990s, no mutant allele was detected at codon 1532 of the VGSC gene. However, F1534S/TCC was found in HNHK94 with an unexpected frequency of 100%. Conclusions Kdr mutations are widespread in the field populations of Ae. albopictus in China. Two novel mutant alleles, F1534W/TGG and F1534R/CGC, were detected in this study. The 1534 kdr mutation appeared in the population of Ae. albopictus no later than the 1990s. The F1534 mutation rate was positively correlated with AAT, while the I1532 mutation rate was negatively correlated with AAT. These results indicate that iInsecticide usage should be carefully managed to slow down the spread of highly resistant Ae. albopictus populations, especially in the areas with higher AAT. Graphical abstract

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High-level and multiple resistance to pyrethroid insecticides has been observed in many Ae. albopictus field populations in China [ 10 – 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The pattern of kdr mutations correlated with the temperature in field populations of Aedes albopictus in China

Chen

Zhou

Dong³

et al. 2021

Parasites Vectors

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“…With the increasing number of imported cases, local dengue infection outbreaks have occurred more frequently [ 42 ]. Bionomics and insecticide resistance of Aedes albopictus [ 43 , 44 ], climate factors and the East Asian summer monsoon may also drive the increasing ASR of dengue infection in China [ 45 ]. In response to this situation, integrated vector management should be implemented including new innovative vector control activities and traditional vector control measures [ 23 , 27 , 46 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Global Trends and Regional Differences in Incidence of Dengue Infection from 1990 to 2019: An Analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Jing

et al. 2021

Infect Dis Ther

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Introduction Dengue, as a neglected tropical disease, brings a heavy socioeconomic burden. To provide tailored global prevention strategies, we analyzed the global trends and regional differences in incidence of dengue infection from 1990 to 2019. Methods We obtained data on annual dengue episodes and incidence rates, which reflected the epidemic status of dengue infection from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study. The changes in dengue episodes and estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) of the age-standardized incidence rate (ASR) were calculated to quantify the temporal trends of dengue infection. Results Globally, dengue ASR increased by 1.70% (95% CI 1.62%–1.78%) per year from 1990 to 2011; subsequently, it decreased by 0.41% (95% CI 0.20%–0.62%) per year from 2011 to 2019. However, the global number of dengue episodes increased steadily by 85.47% from 30.67 million in 1990 to 56.88 million in 2019. Against the global trend of decreasing ASR from 2011 to 2019, an increasing trend was reported in Oceania (EAPC 11.01, 95% CI 8.79–13.27), East Asia (EAPC 4.84, 95% CI 2.70–7.03) and Southeast Asia (EAPC 0.38, 95% CI 0.13–0.62). For socio-demographic index (SDI) regions, ASR continued to have an increasing trend in the middle (EAPC 0.26, 95% CI 0.07–0.45) and high-middle (EAPC 1.70, 95% CI 0.98–2.42) SDI regions from 2011 to 2019. In contrast to the global peak age of dengue incidence rate (10 to 25 years), the dengue incidence rate of older people (> 65 years) was higher than in other age groups in low and low-middle SDI regions. Additionally, the proportions of dengue episodes in the > 70-year-old age group increased in 2019 (using the baseline in 1990 or 2011) in most GBD regions. Conclusions Global dengue episodes have increased tremendously in 3 decades. Although global dengue ASR decreased in the last decade, it is still increasing in hyperendemic regions including Oceania, East Asia and Southeast Asia, and also in the middle and high-middle SDI regions. More attention should be paid to the elderly because of the higher dengue incidence rate among them in low and low-middle SDI regions and the increased proportions of dengue episodes among the elderly in most GBD regions. Therefore, more efforts should be undertaken to develop targeted prevention strategies for crucial regions and older populations. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40121-021-00470-2.

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“…permethrin (4). Description of data: This figure presents the visual appearance of alpha-cypermethrin (1), deltamethrin (2), lambda-cyhalothrin (3), and permethrin (4) nanoemulsions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These pesticides are synthetically modified analogs of the essential natural pyrethrins found in flowers of the Chrysanthemums genus. In general, many new pyrethroids are synthesized and added to the market to meet the enhanced global demand for food, vector-borne diseases, and pest species resistant to other pesticides [ 4 ]. Pyrethroids are an essential way to combat malaria and other mosquito-borne diseases despite the risk of pyrethroids resistance in vector populations [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced mosquitocidal efficacy of pyrethroid insecticides by nanometric emulsion preparation towards Culex pipiens larvae with biochemical and molecular docking studies

Taktak

Badawy

Awad

et al. 2021

J. Egypt. Public. Health. Assoc.

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Background The growing threat of vector-borne diseases and environmental pollution with conventional pesticides has led to the search for nanotechnology applications to prepare alternative products. Methods In the current study, four pyrethroid insecticides include alpha-cypermethrin, deltamethrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, and permethrin were incorporated into stable nanoemulsions. The optimization of nanoemulsions is designed based on the active ingredient, solvent, surfactant, sonication time, sonication cycle, and sonication energy by factorial analysis. The nanoscale emulsions’ droplet size and morphology were measured by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), respectively. The toxicity of nanoemulsions against Culex pipiens larvae was evaluated and compared with the technical and commercial formulations. The in vitro assay of adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase), carboxylesterase (CaE), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) were also investigated. Furthermore, molecular docking was examined to assess the binding interactions between the tested pyrethroids and the target enzymes. Also, an ecotoxicological assessment of potential effects of the tested products on the freshwater alga Raphidocelis subcapitata was determined according to OECD and EPA methods. The emulsifible concentration (EC50) and NOEC (no observed effect concentration) values were estimated for each insecticide and graded according to the GHS to determine the risk profile in aquatic life. Results The mean droplet diameter and zeta potential of the prepared pyrethroid nanoemulsions were found to be in the range of 72.00–172.00 nm and − 0.539 to − 15.40 mV, respectively. All insecticides’ nanoemulsions showed significantly high toxicity (1.5–2-fold) against C. pipiens larvae compared to the technical and EC. The biochemical activity data proved that all products significantly inhibited ATPase. However, GST and CaE were significantly activated. Docking results proved that the pyrethroids exhibited a higher binding affinity with CaE and GST than ATPase. The docking scores ranged from − 4.33 to − 10.01 kcal/mol. Further, the biosafety studies of the nanopesticides in comparison with the active ingredient and commercial EC were carried out against the freshwater alga R. subcapitata and the mosquitocidal concentration of nanopesticides was found to be non-toxic. Conclusion The mosquitocidal efficacy of nano-pyrethroids formulated in a greener approach could become an alternative to using conventional pesticide application in an environmentally friendly manner.

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Widespread multiple insecticide resistance in the major dengue vectorAedes albopictusin Hainan Province, China

Cited by 27 publications

References 45 publications

The pattern of kdr mutations correlated with the temperature in field populations of Aedes albopictus in China

The pattern of kdr mutations correlated with the temperature in field populations of Aedes albopictus in China

The Global Trends and Regional Differences in Incidence of Dengue Infection from 1990 to 2019: An Analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Enhanced mosquitocidal efficacy of pyrethroid insecticides by nanometric emulsion preparation towards Culex pipiens larvae with biochemical and molecular docking studies

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