Widespread white matter but focal gray matter alterations in depressed individuals with thoughts of death

Taylor, Warren D.; Boyd, Brian D.; McQuoid, Douglas R.; Kudra, Kamil; Saleh, Ayman; MacFall, James R.

doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2015.05.001

Cited by 66 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 54 publications

(74 reference statements)

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“…Changes in the frontal and thalamic circulation may lead to cognitive and emotional changes, thereby increasing the vulnerability to suicidal behavior in patients with depression. The results demonstrating these white matter changes are consistent with those of other studies . Abnormal gray matter in the temporal and parietal lobes was also found in the patients who committed suicide.…”

Section: Impaired Circuits In Mddsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The results demonstrating these white matter changes are consistent with those of other studies. 99,100 Abnormal gray matter in the temporal and parietal lobes was also found in the patients who committed suicide. Decreased gray matter volume in the limbic cingulate gyrus and the right middle temporal gyrus and increased gray matter volume in the right parietal lobe 101 were reported, and a negative correlation was observed between the limbic cingulate gyrus and dysfunctional attitude scores.…”

Section: Frontothalamic Circuitmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Brain structure alterations in depression: Psychoradiological evidence

et al. 2018

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Depression is the leading cause of disability around the world, but little is known about its pathology. Currently, the diagnosis of depression is made based on clinical manifestations, with little objective evidence. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been used to investigate the pathological changes in brain anatomy associated with this disorder. MRI can identify structural alterations in depressive patients in vivo, which could make considerable contributions to clinical diagnosis and treatment. Numerous studies that focused on gray and white matter have found significant brain region alterations in major depressive disorder patients, such as in the frontal lobe, hippocampus, temporal lobe, thalamus, striatum, and amygdala. The results are inconsistent and controversial because of the different demographic and clinical characteristics. However, some regions overlapped; thus, we think that there may be a "hub" in MDD and that an impairment in these regions contributes to disease severity. Brain connections contain both structural connections and functional connections, which reflect disease from a different view and support that MDD may be caused by the interaction of multiple brain regions. According to previous reports, significant circuits include the frontal-subcortical circuit, the suicide circuit, and the reward circuit. As has been recognized, the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder is complex and changeable. The current review focuses on the significant alterations in the gray and white matter of patients with the depressive disorder to generate a better understanding of the circuits. Moreover, identifying the nuances of depressive disorder and finding a biomarker will make a significant contribution to the guidance of clinical diagnosis and treatment.

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Section: Impaired Circuits In Mddsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Frontothalamic Circuitmentioning

confidence: 98%

Brain structure alterations in depression: Psychoradiological evidence

et al. 2018

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“…Smaller insula volume has been reported in adult SAs with BPD [99], in a combined group with SZ/SZA/psychotic BD [36] and elderly with MDD [69]. Lower insula thickness was observed in adults in relation to SA in SZ [70] and SI in MDD [37]. Smaller insula volume was associated with higher attempt lethality and lower impulsivity in BPD [87,99].…”

Section: Insulamentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Findings of lateral OFC volume decreases, extending to medial OFC, in adolescent and young adult SAs with BD [35], suggest these may be early differences. Lower VLPFC thickness, but not volume, is one of the rare findings related to SI in adults with MDD [37], suggesting the VLPFC may be involved not only in suicide behavior but also in the ideation that may generate it.…”

Section: Vlpfcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging suicidal thoughts and behaviors: a comprehensive review of 2 decades of neuroimaging studies

et al. 2019

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Identifying brain alterations that contribute to suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) are important to develop more targeted and effective strategies to prevent suicide. In the last decade, and especially in the last 5 years, there has been exponential growth in the number of neuroimaging studies reporting structural and functional brain circuitry correlates of STBs. Within this narrative review, we conducted a comprehensive review of neuroimaging studies of STBs published to date and summarize the progress achieved on elucidating neurobiological substrates of STBs, with a focus on converging findings across studies. We review neuroimaging evidence across differing mental disorders for structural, functional, and molecular alterations in association with STBs, which converges particularly in regions of brain systems that subserve emotion and impulse regulation including the ventral prefrontal cortex (VPFC) and dorsal PFC (DPFC), insula and their mesial temporal, striatal and posterior connection sites, as well as in the connections between these brain areas. The reviewed literature suggests that impairments in medial and lateral VPFC regions and their connections may be important in the excessive negative and blunted positive internal states that can stimulate suicidal ideation, and that impairments in a DPFC and inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) system may be important in suicide attempt behaviors. A combination of VPFC and DPFC system disturbances may lead to very high risk circumstances in which suicidal ideation is converted to lethal actions via decreased top-down inhibition of behavior and/or maladaptive, inflexible decision-making and planning. The dorsal anterior cingulate cortex and insula may play important roles in switching between these VPFC and DPFC systems, which may contribute to the transition from suicide thoughts to behaviors. Future neuroimaging research of larger sample sizes, including global efforts, longitudinal designs, and careful consideration of developmental stages, and sex and gender, will facilitate more effectively targeted preventions and interventions to reduce loss of life to suicide.

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“…The second symptom was the presence of thoughts of death measured by MADRS. This is particularly important as not all subjects develop thoughts of death or suicidality, while suicidality is associated with distinct neurobiological findings (Desmyter, van Heeringen, & Audenaert, ; Taylor et al., ). However, this item was no longer associated with recurrence after adjusting for reporting more than three prior episodes, supporting that suicidality may be more common in highly recurrent depression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%