Wild and Cultivated Potato (<i>Solanum</i> sect. <i>Petota</i>) Escaped and Persistent Outside of its Natural Range

Simon, Reinhard; Xie, Conghua; Clausen, A. M.; Jansky, Shelley; Halterman, Dennis; Conner, T.; Knapp, Sandra; Brundage, Jennifer A.; Symon, D. E.; Spooner, David M.

doi:10.1614/ipsm-d-09-00043.1

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…incanum” so verification of identities of taxa counted is difficult. Ploidy level variation in Solanum is most common in the potatoes, where the cultivated potato has a number of ploidy forms and wild species vary from diploid to hexaploid [12], and in the Morelloid clade ( S. nigrum L. and its relatives; see [43]), but it also occurs in some species of the Leptostemonum clade, particularly in widespread weedy species such as S. elaeagnifolium Cav. [44].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Potato and tomato are both members of the Potato clade of Solanum [6] that comprises some 200 species that are exclusively New World in distribution. Species-level circumscription and relationships in this group have largely been resolved [7], [8], [9], [10], [11]; this has facilitated other biological analyses [12], [13], [14] that depend on species-level identities and knowledge of species relationships.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wild Relatives of the Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.: Solanaceae): New Understanding of Species Names in a Complex Group

2013

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BackgroundThe common or brinjal eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) belongs to the Leptostemonum Clade (the “spiny” solanums) of the species-rich genus Solanum (Solanaceae). Unlike most of the genus, the eggplant and its relatives are from the Old World; most eggplant wild relatives are from Africa. An informal system for naming eggplant wild relatives largely based on crossing and other biosystematics data has been in use for approximately a decade. This system recognises several forms of two broadly conceived species, S. incanum L. and S. melongena. Recent morphological and molecular work has shown that species-level differences exist between these entities, and a new species-level nomenclature has been identified as necessary for plant breeders and for the maintenance of accurately named germplasm.Methodology/Principal FindingsWe examined herbarium specimens from throughout the wild species ranges as part of a larger revision of the spiny solanums of Africa. Based on these morphological and molecular studies, we delimited species in the group to which the common eggplant belongs and constructed identification keys for the group. We also examined the monophyly of the group considered as the eggplant relatives by previous authors.Conclusions/SignificanceWe recognise ten species in this group: S. aureitomentosum Bitter, S. campylacanthum A.Rich., S. cerasiferum Dunal, S. incanum L., S. insanum L., S. lichtensteinii Willd., S. linnaeanum Hepper & P.-M.L.Jaeger, S. melongena L., S. rigidum Lam. and S. umtuma Voronts. & S.Knapp. We review the history of naming and provide keys and character lists for all species. Ploidy level differences have not been investigated in the eggplant wild relatives; we identify this as a priority for improvement of crop wild relative use in breeding. The application of species-level names to these entities will help focus new collecting efforts for brinjal eggplant improvement and help facilitate information exchange.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wild Relatives of the Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.: Solanaceae): New Understanding of Species Names in a Complex Group

2013

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“…S. chacoense no se ha encontrado en áreas protegidas de la provincia de Buenos Aires, La Pampa, Santa Fe y Santiago del Estero; sin embargo, S. chacoense persiste aun en estos ambientes, inclusive como maleza de los cultivos. Simon et al (2010) reportaron el comportamiento invasivo de S. chacoense y escapada de los cultivos en Australia, China, Nueva Zelanda, USA, Inglaterra, Perú y en nuestro país.…”

Section: Resultados Y Discusiónunclassified

Especies silvestres de papa (Solanum sect. Petota y sect. Etuberosum) identificadas en áreas protegidas de la Argentina.

Clausen¹,

Ispizúa²,

Atencio³

et al. 2018

Bol. Soc. Argent. Bot.

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Las especies vegetales silvestres emparentadas con los cultivos, contribuyen a la seguridad alimentaria y la sustentabilidad ambiental, pero están sometidas a un creciente riesgo de amenaza en sus hábitats naturales. Las estrategias globales de conservación para su protección son la conservación ex situ (fuera de sus ambientes naturales) y la conservación in situ (en sus ambientes naturales). La conservación in situ de especies silvestres de papa es una actividad prioritaria en la estrategia mundial formulada para la conservación de especies silvestres emparentadas con los cultivos. Como resultado de la conservación ex situ implementada para especies silvestres de papa en nuestro país, se dispone de germoplasma e información referida a su distribución en el Banco de Germoplasma de la EEA Balcarce, INTA, y la distribución de estas especies coincide con muchas áreas protegidas. Con el objetivo de validar cuáles especies se encuentran en áreas protegidas, como un primer paso para promover su conservación in situ, se ha iniciado la prospección y colecta en las mismas. Se presentan las especies de papa silvestres identificadas e incluidas en un número importante de áreas protegidas del país

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“…I never forgot a framed sign in my Ph.D. advisor Tod Stuessy's office: It is incredible how much work you can accomplish if you give someone else the credit . This has gone both ways, with collaborators filling in my lack of expertise in many tasks, especially statistical analyses (e.g., Simon et al, , ), and most recently bioinformatics that has opened up an entirely new world of fascinating questions that systematists never could have approached before.…”

Section: Collaborationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species delimitations in plants: lessons learned from potato taxonomy by a practicing taxonomist

Spooner

2016

J of Sytematics Evolution

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A u t h o r M a n u s c r i p t A u t h o r M a n u s c r i p t A u t h o r M a n u s c r i p t Key words: phylogeny; potato; Solanum section Petota; species.Received 22 January 2016; Accepted 11 April 2016; Article first published online: XX XX 2016 A u t h o r M a n u s c r i p t A u t h o r M a n u s c r i p t A u t h o r M a n u s c r i p t Species Problems and Taxonomic Background of Solanum Section PetotaAs detailed by Spooner & van den Berg (1992a), Solanum section Petota has been the subject of intensive taxonomic work since the description of the cultivated potato, S. tuberosum (Linnaeus, 1753). In total, there are 494 epithets for wild taxa and 602 epithets for cultivated taxa, including names not validly published (Ovchinnikova et al., 2011). Different taxonomists applied various taxonomic philosophies to the section, but mainly have used morphology to define species. Hypotheses of the number of species and their interrelationships have differed greatly among taxonomists (Fig. 1). Indeed, the great discordance of taxonomic treatments of section Petota was used as one of the four examples (also including sorghum, maize, and wheat) that stimulated Harlan & de Wet (1971) to abandon traditional taxonomy as of any reliable guide to plant breeders and rather to classify germplasm entirely on a biological species concept (their gene pool concept). The first modern and comprehensive (from throughout the entire range of the group) taxonomic treatment of section Petota was provided by Hawkes (1956), followed by a similar treatment by Correll (1962), but with the addition of extensive specimen citations and excellent illustrations. This taxonomy was supplemented by significant regional taxonomic treatments by Hawkes & Hjerting (1969, southern South America), Hawkes & Hjerting (1989, Bolivia); Ochoa (1990, Bolivia), and Ochoa (1999, Peru). The taxonomic treatment by Hawkes (1990) was the standard comprehensive treatment for many years, whereA u t h o r M a n u s c r i p t A u t h o r M a n u s c r i p t A u t h o r M a n u s c r i p t he recognized 21 taxonomic series, 228 wild species, and seven cultivated species. Spooner et al. (2014) more than halved this number of species to 107wild species and four cultivated species, partitioned into three nuclear clades and not using series (Figs. 2, 3 A u t h o r M a n u s c r i p t A u t h o r M a n u s c r i p t A u t h o r M a n u s c r i p t divergence, or some other complex genetic phenomena. My point, however, is that those with field experience can easily note the majority of the species to be "good", assuming that morphological divergence is a valid proxy for good species.When I entered graduate school this simplistic view of species was modified as I was exposed to the vast and often contentious literature debating what constitutes species, ranging from some (Ehrlich & Raven, 1969; Levin, 1979) A u t h o r M a n u s c r i p t A u t h o r M a n u s c r i p t A u t h o r M a n u s c...

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Wild and Cultivated Potato (Solanum sect. Petota) Escaped and Persistent Outside of its Natural Range

Cited by 11 publications

References 47 publications

Wild Relatives of the Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.: Solanaceae): New Understanding of Species Names in a Complex Group

Wild Relatives of the Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.: Solanaceae): New Understanding of Species Names in a Complex Group

Especies silvestres de papa (Solanum sect. Petota y sect. Etuberosum) identificadas en áreas protegidas de la Argentina.

Species delimitations in plants: lessons learned from potato taxonomy by a practicing taxonomist

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