Wild owls colonized by international clones of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (CTX-M)-producing Escherichia coli and Salmonella Infantis in the Southern Cone of America

Fuentes‐Castillo, Danny; Farfán-López, Mariella; Esposito, Fernanda; Moura, Quézia; Fernandes, Miriam R.; Lopes, Ralf; Cardoso, Brenda; Muñoz, Maria E.; Cerdeira, Louise; Najle, Ignacia; Muñoz, Patricio; Catão‐Dias, José Luiz; González‐Acuña, Daniel; Lincopán, Nilton

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.149

Cited by 50 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…CTX‐M‐55‐producing E. coli has been isolated from Larus argentatus in Latvia (Stedt et al., 2015), Larus sp. in Alaska (Ahlstrom et al., 2019) and Corvus corone in Switzerland (Zurfluh et al., 2019); and CTX‐M‐65‐producing E. coli and Salmonella Infantis have been isolated from Turdus merula in Switzerland (Zurfluh et al., 2019) and from Bubo magellanicus in Chile, respectively (Fuentes‐Castillo et al., 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wildlife rehabilitation centres have contributed to the detection of critically important antibiotic‐resistant bacteria in wild animals (Fuentes‐Castillo et al., 2019; Parker, Sniatynski, Mandrusiak, & Rubin, 2016). Monitoring along with quarantine measures, responsible use of antibiotics and intensive disinfection and cleaning of cages can help the decolonization of these bacteria before the animals are released back into the environment, thus preventing them from acting as silent disseminators (Fuentes‐Castillo et al., 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genomic data reveal international lineages of critical priority Escherichia coli harbouring wide resistome in Andean condors (Vultur gryphus Linnaeus, 1758)

et al. 2020

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Critical priority pathogens have globally disseminated beyond clinical settings, thereby threatening wildlife. Andean Condors (Vultur gryphus) are essential for ecosystem health and functioning, but their populations are globally near threatened and declining due to anthropogenic activities. During a microbiological and genomic surveillance study of critical priority antibiotic‐resistant pathogens, we identified pandemic lineages of multidrug‐resistant extended‐spectrum β‐lactamase (ESBL)‐producing Escherichia coli colonizing Andean Condors admitted at two wildlife rehabilitation centres in South America. Genomic analysis revealed the presence of genes encoding resistance to hospital and healthcare agents among international E. coli clones belonging to sequence types (STs) ST162, ST602, ST1196 and ST1485. In this regard, the resistome included genes conferring resistance to clinically important cephalosporins (i.e., CTX‐M‐14, CTX‐M‐55 and CTX‐M‐65 ESBL genes), heavy metals (arsenic, mercury, lead, cadmium, copper, silver), pesticides (glyphosate) and domestic/hospital disinfectants, suggesting a link with anthropogenic environmental pollution. On the other hand, the presence of virulence factors, including the astA gene associated with outbreak of childhood diarrhoea and extra‐intestinal disease in animals, was identified, whereas virulent behaviour was confirmed using the Galleria mellonella infection model. E. coli ST162, ST602, ST1196 and ST1485 have been previously identified in humans and food‐producing animals worldwide, indicating that a wide resistome could contribute to rapid adaptation and dissemination of these clones at the human–animal–environment interface. Therefore, these results highlight that Andean Condors have been colonized by critical priority pathogens, becoming potential environmental reservoirs and/or vectors for dissemination of virulent and antimicrobial‐resistant bacteria and/or their genes, in associated ecosystems and wildlife.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic data reveal international lineages of critical priority Escherichia coli harbouring wide resistome in Andean condors (Vultur gryphus Linnaeus, 1758)

et al. 2020

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“…Enterobacteriaceae constitutes the gut microbiota of most endothermic animals (Madoshi et al, 2016). Thus, antimicrobial resistance must also be viewed as an ecological problem (Fuentes-Castillo et al, 2019).…”

Section: Re Sults and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

International clones of extended‐spectrum β‐lactamase (CTX‐M)‐producingEscherichia coliin peri‐urban wild animals, Brazil

Carvalho

Fernandes

Sellera

et al. 2020

Transbound Emerg Dis

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CTX‐M‐type extended‐spectrum β‐lactamase (ESBL)‐producing Escherichia coli clones have been increasingly reported worldwide. In this regard, although discussions of transmission routes of these bacteria are in evidence, molecular data are lacking to elucidate the epidemiological impacts of ESBL producers in wild animals. In this study, we have screened 90 wild animals living in a surrounding area of São Paulo, the largest metropolitan city in South America, to monitor the presence of multidrug‐resistant (MDR) Gram‐negative bacteria. Using a genomic approach, we have analysed eight ceftriaxone‐resistant E. coli. Resistome analyses revealed that all E. coli strains carried blaCTX‐M‐type genes, prevalent in human infections, besides other clinically relevant resistance genes to aminoglycosides, β‐lactams, phenicols, tetracyclines, sulphonamides, trimethoprim, fosfomycin and quinolones. Additionally, E. coli strains belonged to international sequence types (STs) ST38, ST58, ST212, ST744, ST1158 and ST1251, and carried several virulence‐associated genes. Our findings suggest spread and adaptation of international clones of CTX‐M‐producing E. coli beyond urban settings, including wildlife from shared environments.

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“…The CTX‐M‐65 variant was detected in highly virulent S. Infantis isolates associated with a recent outbreak in the United States linked to travel to South America and unfit retail chicken meat (Brown et al, ). In South American countries, there are recent reports of MDR S. Infantis carrying bla CTX‐M‐65 in clinical samples from Ecuador and Peru (Cartelle Gestal et al, ; Granda et al, ), in wild owls in Chile (Fuentes‐Castillo et al, ), and in broiler poultry in Ecuador (Vinueza‐Burgos et al, ). This research suggests a link between poultry production and the observed human outbreaks; however, further research through WGS is needed to confirm this association.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic resistance of Salmonella strains from layer poultry farms in central Ecuador

Sánchez-Salazar

Gudiño

Sevillano³

et al. 2020

J Appl Microbiol

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Aims: This study evaluated the antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella enterica strains from layer poultry farms in central Ecuador isolated during 2017. This geographical area is responsible for around 60% of total domestic egg production, yet, as of 2019, no reports had been published on the phenotypic and genotypic antibiotic resistance patterns of Salmonella in the layer poultry farms of this area. Methods and Results: Thirty-one isolates from layer poultry farms in central Ecuador obtained during 2017 were evaluated. The resistance profiles exhibited considerable differences in serovar and sample origin, grouping into nine clades by phenotype. S. Infantis strains were of the MDR phenotype in 94Á4% of isolates. S. Typhimurium strains were of a reduced antimicrobial resistance phenotype and 50% showed resistance to one antimicrobial compound. One of the S. enterica nontyped strains had an MDR profile to 11 of the 20 antibiotics evaluated (eight groups). And the two remaining S. enterica nontyped strains showed resistance to two and three antibiotics respectively. The ESBL phenotype, which is resistant to clinically notable antibiotics such as ceftriaxone, ampicillin and cefepime, was observed only in S. Infantis (15/18). These strains harbour the emerging bla CTX-M-65 gene, and co-harbour tetA and sul1 resistance genes in four strains. Additional b-lactamase genes, carbapenemase-producing genes (bla IMP, bla VIM , bla OXA48 , bla KPC , bla NDM ) and colistin-mobile resistance gene mcr-1 were not detected. Conclusions: The findings highlight the potential role of layer poultry farm environments in central Ecuador as reservoirs of MDR Salmonella strains. Significance and Impact of the Study: These results suggest the necessity of reinforcing biosecurity practices to reduce the probability of transmission of MDR Salmonella across the food chain.

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Wild owls colonized by international clones of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (CTX-M)-producing Escherichia coli and Salmonella Infantis in the Southern Cone of America

Cited by 50 publications

References 65 publications

Genomic data reveal international lineages of critical priority Escherichia coli harbouring wide resistome in Andean condors (Vultur gryphus Linnaeus, 1758)

Genomic data reveal international lineages of critical priority Escherichia coli harbouring wide resistome in Andean condors (Vultur gryphus Linnaeus, 1758)

International clones of extended‐spectrum β‐lactamase (CTX‐M)‐producingEscherichia coliin peri‐urban wild animals, Brazil

Antibiotic resistance of Salmonella strains from layer poultry farms in central Ecuador

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