Wild-type cutoff for Apramycin against Escherichia coli

Abstract

Background: Apramycin is used exclusively for the treatment of Escherichia coli (E.coli) infections in swine around the world since the early 1980s. Recently, many research papers have demonstrated that apramycin has significant in vitro activity against multidrug-resistant E.coli isolated in hospitals. Therefore, ensuring the proper use of apramycin in veterinary clinics is of great significance of public health. The objectives of this study were to develop a wild-type cutoff for apramycin against E.coli using a statistical method recommended by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) and to investigate the prevalence of resistance genes that confer resistance to apramycin in E. coli. Results: Apramycin susceptibility testing of 1230 E.coli clinical isolates from swine were determinded by broth microdilution testing according to the CLSI document M07-A9. A total number of 310 E.coli strains from different minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) subsets (0.5-256 μg/mL) were selected for the detection of resistance genes (aac(3)-IV; npmA; apmA

Using Shotgun Sequencing to Describe the Changes Induced by In-Feed Zinc Oxide and Apramycin in the Microbiomes of Pigs One Week Postweaning

“…The use of in-feed medications such as antibiotics and ZnO have supported the control of PWD over the last few decades. Among the potential antibiotics to treat PWD, apramycin is indicated to treat porcine colibacillosis and has been widely used since the 1980s ( 4 , 21 ). It is a bactericidal antibiotic within the group of aminoglycosides that inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by irreversibly binding to the receptor proteins on the 30S subunit of the bacterial ribosome ( 22 ).…”

Nationwide analysis of antimicrobial resistance in pathogenic Escherichia coli strains isolated from diseased swine over 29 years in Japan

“…We therefore investigated the prevalence of swine pathogenic E. coli resistance to these agents. We defined a breakpoint of apramycin at 64 µg/ml (Figure 4A) in the present study, and this breakpoint is reliable because the same concentration was reported by the National Veterinary Assay Laboratory (National Veterinary Assay Laboratory, 2009), Kirby (2016), andYang et al (2020). The National Veterinary Assay Laboratory also determined the MICs of E. coli strains against bicozamycin to be in the range of 0.125-512 µg/ml and set the breakpoint at 128 µg/ml (National Veterinary Assay Laboratory, 2009).…”