Wildfire effects on the properties and microbial community structure of organic horizon soils in the New Jersey Pinelands

Mikita-Barbato, Robyn A.; Kelly, John J.; Tate, Robert L.

doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.03.021

Cited by 59 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Main fire‐induced changes in soil abiotic parameters included the reduction in organic substances and moisture, and a pulse in mineral nitrogen as has been widely reported in the literature (Certini, ). These parameters are major determinants of soil microbial composition and diversity in postfire scenarios (Goberna et al., ; Hart et al., ; Liu et al., ; Mikita‐Barbato et al., ; Pérez‐Valera et al., ). Belowground microbial communities exposed to fire showed specific responses that were group‐dependent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a previous study searching for immediate fire effects on soil microbiota in Mediterranean ecosystems, we detected shifts in archaeal diversity 1 day after fire that recovered as soon as 1 week later (Goberna et al., ). However, studies in other ecosystems point to shifts in archaeal communities that persist for at least 2 years (Mikita‐Barbato et al., ). Fungal and bacterial communities showed parallel responses to fire, in spite of their enormous physiological and ecological differences such as heat tolerance or response to changes in organic compounds that suggest that fungi could be more sensitive to fire than bacteria (Cairney & Bastias, ; Hart et al., ; Mataix‐Solera et al., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ecological disturbance can disassemble biological communities by changing their structure and composition, a topic of prime relevance in the face of the current unprecedented rates of environmental change (Cairney & Bastias, ; Keeley, ; Mikita‐Barbato, Kelly & Tate, ). Ecological communities can, however, experience no significant changes due to disturbance (resistance) or be capable of returning to their predisturbance structure and composition (resilience).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Postfire recovery of soil bacterial and fungal communities, which are broadly fire-sensitive and predominantly heterotrophic microbes, requires the amelioration of soil conditions (Cairney & Bastias, 2007;Treseder, Mack & Cross, 2004;Xiang et al, 2014). Soil archaea, generally heat-tolerant and including many chemolithotrophic organisms, seem to be more resilient to fire although scarce and contrasting results have been described (Goberna, Garc ıa, Insam, Hern andez & Verd u, 2012;Mikita-Barbato et al, 2015). Incorporating phylogenetic information to postfire diversity trends would allow a better understanding of the assembly mechanisms driving the resilience of ecological communities across biological groups.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Resilience to fire of phylogenetic diversity across biological domains

et al. 2018

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Fire alters the structure and composition of above- and belowground communities with concurrent shifts in phylogenetic diversity. The inspection of postfire trends in the diversity of ecological communities incorporating phylogenetic information allows to better understand the mechanisms driving fire resilience. While fire reduces plant phylogenetic diversity based on the recruitment of evolutionarily related species with postfire seed persistence, it increases that of soil microbes by limiting soil resources and changing the dominance of competing microbes. Thus, during postfire community reassembly, plant and soil microbes might experience opposing temporal trends in their phylogenetic diversity that are linked through changes in the soil conditions. We tested this hypothesis by investigating the postfire evolution of plant and soil microbial (fungi, bacteria and archaea) communities across three 20-year chronosequences. Plant phylogenetic diversity increased with time since fire as pioneer seeders facilitate the establishment of distantly related late-successional shrubs. The postfire increase in plant phylogenetic diversity fostered plant productivity, eventually recovering soil organic matter. These shifts over time in the soil conditions explained the postfire restoration of fungal and bacterial phylogenetic diversity, which decreased to prefire levels, suggesting that evolutionarily related taxa with high relative fitness recover their competitive superiority during community reassembly. The resilience to fire of phylogenetic diversity across biological domains helps preserve the evolutionary history stored in our ecosystems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Resilience to fire of phylogenetic diversity across biological domains

et al. 2018

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“…Mikita-Barbato et al . [81] also noted a Penicillium sp. that was found at severely burned pine-oak forests in New Jersey, USA, but was not detected at the unburned sites.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil Bacterial and Fungal Response to Wildfires in the Canadian Boreal Forest Across a Burn Severity Gradient

Whitman

Woolet

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Global fire regimes are changing, with increases in wildfire frequency and severity expected for many North American forests over the next 100 years. Fires can result in dramatic changes to C stocks and can restructure plant and microbial communities, which can have long-lasting effects on ecosystem functions. We investigated wildfire effects on soil microbial communities (bacteria and fungi) in an extreme fire season in the northwestern Canadian boreal forest, using field surveys, remote sensing, and high-throughput amplicon sequencing. We found that fire occurrence, along with vegetation community, moisture regime, pH, total carbon, and soil texture are all significant predictors of soil microbial community composition. Communities become increasingly dissimilar with increasingly severe burns, and the burn severity index (an index of the fractional area of consumed organic soils and exposed mineral soils) best predicted total bacterial community composition, while burned/unburned was the best predictor for fungi. Globally abundant taxa were identified as significant positive fire responders, including the bacteria Massilia sp. (64x more abundant with fire) and Arthrobacter sp. (35x), and the fungi Penicillium sp. (22x) and Fusicladium sp. (12x) Bacterial and fungal co-occurrence network modules were characterized by fire responsiveness as well as pH and moisture regime. Building on the efforts of previous studies, our results identify specific fire-responsive microbial taxa and suggest that accounting for burn severity improves our understanding of their response to fires, with potentially important implications for ecosystem functions.

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Fire severity as a key determinant of aboveground and belowground biological community recovery in managed even‐aged boreal forests

Pérez‐Izquierdo

Bengtsson

Clemmensen

et al. 2023

Ecology and Evolution

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Changes in fire regime of boreal forests in response to climate warming are expected to impact postfire recovery. However, quantitative data on how managed forests sustain and recover from recent fire disturbance are limited. Two years after a large wildfire in managed even‐aged boreal forests in Sweden, we investigated how recovery of aboveground and belowground communities, that is, understory vegetation and soil microbial and faunal communities, responded to variation in the severity of soil (i.e., consumption of soil organic matter) and canopy fires (i.e., tree mortality). While fire overall enhanced diversity of understory vegetation through colonization of fire adapted plant species, it reduced the abundance and diversity of soil biota. We observed contrasting effects of tree‐ and soil‐related fire severity on survival and recovery of understory vegetation and soil biological communities. Severe fires that killed overstory Pinus sylvestris promoted a successional stage dominated by the mosses Ceratodon purpureus and Polytrichum juniperinum, but reduced regeneration of tree seedlings and disfavored the ericaceous dwarf‐shrub Vaccinium vitis‐idaea and the grass Deschampsia flexuosa. Moreover, high tree mortality from fire reduced fungal biomass and changed fungal community composition, in particular that of ectomycorrhizal fungi, and reduced the fungivorous soil Oribatida. In contrast, soil‐related fire severity had little impact on vegetation composition, fungal communities, and soil animals. Bacterial communities responded to both tree‐ and soil‐related fire severity. Synthesis: Our results 2 years postfire suggest that a change in fire regime from a historically low‐severity ground fire regime, with fires that mainly burns into the soil organic layer, to a stand‐replacing fire regime with a high degree of tree mortality, as may be expected with climate change, is likely to impact the short‐term recovery of stand structure and above‐ and belowground species composition of even‐aged P. sylvestris boreal forests.

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Wildfire effects on the properties and microbial community structure of organic horizon soils in the New Jersey Pinelands

Cited by 59 publications

References 67 publications

Resilience to fire of phylogenetic diversity across biological domains

Resilience to fire of phylogenetic diversity across biological domains

Soil Bacterial and Fungal Response to Wildfires in the Canadian Boreal Forest Across a Burn Severity Gradient

Fire severity as a key determinant of aboveground and belowground biological community recovery in managed even‐aged boreal forests

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