Wildfires in Botswana and Their Frequency of Occurrence

Maabong, Kago Ernest; Mphale, Kgakgamatso

doi:10.4236/acs.2021.114040

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…There will also be a further increase of 50 % by 2050 compared to the current fire numbers (WMO, 2022). For Botswana, Maabong and Mphale (2021) reported that the El-Niño/La-Niña oscillation in Southern Africa can lead to the growth of plants and thus an increase in fuel. That would be followed shortly by the occurrence of wildfires, which ranged from 37 to 938 between 2006 and 2017 in Botswana (Maabong and Mphale, 2021).…”

Section: Integrating Remarks On the Data Analysis And Comparison With...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For Botswana, Maabong and Mphale (2021) reported that the El-Niño/La-Niña oscillation in Southern Africa can lead to the growth of plants and thus an increase in fuel. That would be followed shortly by the occurrence of wildfires, which ranged from 37 to 938 between 2006 and 2017 in Botswana (Maabong and Mphale, 2021). On a broader time scale, the number of wildfires in Botswana ranged from about 20 to about 350 between 1994 and 2009, with most of them being of human origin (Maabong and Mphale, 2021).…”

Section: Integrating Remarks On the Data Analysis And Comparison With...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…That would be followed shortly by the occurrence of wildfires, which ranged from 37 to 938 between 2006 and 2017 in Botswana (Maabong and Mphale, 2021). On a broader time scale, the number of wildfires in Botswana ranged from about 20 to about 350 between 1994 and 2009, with most of them being of human origin (Maabong and Mphale, 2021). In 2017, a mega-fire hit the area in the Southern Cape and, more specifically the area around the City of Knysna (Kraaij et al, 2018).…”

Section: Integrating Remarks On the Data Analysis And Comparison With...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analyses of Trends in the Fire Losses and the Fire-Brigade Call-Outs in South Africa Between 2004 and 2017

MADONDO¹,

Mutingwende²,

SHWABABA³

et al. 2022

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The current study aimed at performing correlation analyses to gain a more detailed systems understanding of the temporal trends in financial losses from fires (disaster impacts) and the fire brigade call-outs (disaster response) in South Africa from the 2004 to 2017 period. The analysis is performed using data on the fire disaster impacts at the national level and the local level (Makana Local Municipality). The data on disaster impacts was extracted from databases and reports published by the Fire Protection Association of Southern Africa and Statistics South Africa. The total number of fire brigade call-outs/fires for the entire territory of South Africa ranged from 26574 in 2010 to 49567 in 2017. There was a direct correlation between the total number of fires and the losses from fires in residential settings in South Africa with time for the studied period. The losses from fire disasters in residential settings accounted for between 21.84 % and 74.06 % of all financial losses in South Africa between 2004 and 2017. On the other hand, call-outs to fire brigades with a residential cause or related to rubbish/bush/grass accounted for an average of 81.7 ± 2.7 % between 2004 and 2007, while it reached 88.5 ± 4.9 % in Makana Local Municipality. This indicates that fires in residential settings or related to rubbish or plant-based fuel account for a significant majority of the time fire brigades spent fighting fires in South Africa between 2004 and 2017. Fuel and waste management, and increasing fire human resilience at the household level, will play a significant role in the fire disaster risk management in South Africa. Vegetation cover and management will play a key role in the fire DRM in South Africa and local municipalities such as Makana.

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Section: Integrating Remarks On the Data Analysis And Comparison With...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Integrating Remarks On the Data Analysis And Comparison With...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Integrating Remarks On the Data Analysis And Comparison With...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analyses of Trends in the Fire Losses and the Fire-Brigade Call-Outs in South Africa Between 2004 and 2017

MADONDO¹,

Mutingwende²,

SHWABABA³

et al. 2022

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A review of foot-and-mouth disease status and control measures in Botswana

Kabelo

Fana

Hyera

et al. 2023

Trop Anim Health Prod

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Chemical Characterization of Organic Aerosol Tracers Derived from Burning Biomass Indigenous to Sub-Saharan Africa: Fresh Emissions versus Photochemical Aging

Lambert,

Christensen,

McRee

et al. 2024

ACS EST Air

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Wildfires are increasingly frequent and intense, leading to substantial production of biomass burning (BB)-derived organic aerosol (BBOA). BBOA adversely affects public health and perturbs the climate. Although African fires account for over 50% of worldwide BB-derived organic emissions, few studies have systematically analyzed molecular tracers of BBOA in fresh versus photochemically aged BB emissions representative of African fires. Therefore, by using gas chromatography interfaced to electron ionization quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC/EI-MS), we chemically characterized aerosol filter samples collected from both fresh and photochemically aged BB emissions of six biomass fuels found in Sub-Saharan Africa (Cordia africana, Baikiaea plurijuga, Acacia erioloba, Colophospermum mopane, cow dung, and a fuel mixture). BB emissions were generated from a furnace mimicking smoldering combustion and subsequently injected into a humidified laboratory chamber (70% ± 3% RH). Seventeen known BBOA tracer compounds (e.g., levoglucosan, mannosan, coniferyl alcohol, catechol, and palmitic acid) were targeted, quantified, and compared between fresh and photochemically aged BB emissions. Furthermore, total-suspended atmospheric particulate matter (PM) samples collected from Botswana during the fire season were also analyzed by GC/EI-MS. We identified laboratory-generated BBOA constituents that were also found in Botswana PM that could plausibly serve as unique tracers (e.g., D-pinitol) for African BBOA during future field studies.

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Wildfires in Botswana and Their Frequency of Occurrence

Cited by 3 publications

References 6 publications

Analyses of Trends in the Fire Losses and the Fire-Brigade Call-Outs in South Africa Between 2004 and 2017

Analyses of Trends in the Fire Losses and the Fire-Brigade Call-Outs in South Africa Between 2004 and 2017

A review of foot-and-mouth disease status and control measures in Botswana

Chemical Characterization of Organic Aerosol Tracers Derived from Burning Biomass Indigenous to Sub-Saharan Africa: Fresh Emissions versus Photochemical Aging

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