Wildlife Effects from Grasshopper Insecticides Sprayed on Short-Grass Range

Abstract

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Effects of management practices on grassland birds: Lark Bunting

“…In shortgrass prairie in Wyoming, diazinon applications for grasshopper (Orthoptera) control resulted in declines and mortality of Lark Buntings (McEwen et al 1972). At the Pawnee National Grassland in Colorado, malathion and toxaphene were applied at rates of 0.6 kg/ha and 1.1 kg/ha, respectively (McEwen and Ells 1975).…”

“…When pest management is required, use only rapidly degrading chemicals of low toxicity to nontarget organisms and apply at the lowest application rates possible (McEwen et al 1972). Maintain range in good condition; overgrazed and drought-affected areas are more prone to pest outbreaks.…”

Effects of management practices on grassland birds: Chestnut-collared Longspur

“…In Montana, numbers of Chestnut-collared Longspurs were unaffected by application rates of 175 g/ha of BAY 77488 * (phenylglyoxylonitrile oxime 0,0-diethyl phosphorothioate) (McEwen et al 1972). Rates of 322 and 651 g/ha caused significant declines between pre-and * References to chemical trade names does not imply endorsement of commercial products by the Federal Government.…”

Carbaryl: A Literature Review

“…The expanded list of insects associated with these usages is available from the manufacturer, Union Carbide Corporation. Carbaryl has been effective against the gypsy moth caterpillar (GYRISCO 1960), army cutworm (MANGLITZ et al 1973), European corn borer (KuHR andDAVIS 1975, BRATTSTEIN andMETCALF 1970), western corn rootworm (BALL 1969), lygus bug (LEIGH and JACK-SON 1968), elm leaf beetle (BREWER 1973), aster leafhopper (ECKENRODE 1973), western budworm (DEWEESE et al 1972), and the grasshopper (McEWEN et al 1972), as weIl as numerous other insects. Livestock and animal uses for carbaryl have been extensive due to its low toxicity.…”

“…KURTZ and STUDHOLME (1974) found similar results in birds sprayed with carbaryl and Dylox. McEwEN et al (1972) studied the effect of several insecticides on wildlife. Carbaryl had no effect on wildlife when sprayed at 6,4 oz/ A.…”