Wildlife law enforcement in Sub-Saharan African protected areas : a review of best practices

D'udine, Floris A.C.; Henson, David W.; Malpas, Robert C.

doi:10.2305/iucn.ch.2016.ssc-op.58.en

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Patrols in WMAs are essential in monitoring wildlife, preventing poaching, and in minimizing human-wildlife conflicts. Effective implementation of anti-poaching patrols in terms of the adequate number of personnel is, therefore, essential in providing an effective deterrent against illegal activities in an area [36].…”

Section: Effects Of Covid-19 Pandemic On Wmas' Operational Activities and Wildlife Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wildlife Management Areas in Tanzania: Vulnerability and Survival Amidst COVID-19

Shoo¹,

Mtui²,

Kimaro³

et al. 2021

Managing Wildlife in a Changing World

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The establishment of Wildlife Management Areas (WMAs) has been adopted as intervention to safeguard the wildlife and their habitats outside the core protected areas in Tanzania. Along with their conservation role, WMAs provide an opportunity for local communities to derive economic benefits from wildlife-based enterprises on their land. WMAs primarily rely on revenues generated from photographic and hunting tourism to support operational activities and create incentives for the local communities to conserve wildlife resources. The current global travel restrictions and lockdown caused by an outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic have reduced a vital funding source for WMAs. This, therefore, undermines the ability to manage the wildlife resources and reward communities for the opportunity cost of their land and other costs associated with coexisting with wildlife. This chapter examines the extent to which the decline of tourism revenues as a result of the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic has affected WMAs as a framework for local communities to manage and benefit from wildlife. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews on five WMAs in Northern Tanzania that were purposively selected based on their ability to generate a significant amount of revenues from tourism. Findings show that the decline of tourism revenues triggers unprecedented adverse effects on the conservation of wildlife resources within WMAs. Livelihood of the local communities is also affected due to loss of employment opportunities and drop-off of tourism income obtained from the sales of local goods to the tourists and tourist hotels. We recommend the creation of local mechanisms for revenue acquisition that are more resilient to global shocks, diversifying revenue-generating options within WMAs, and putting in place the right funding model that would warrant WMAs sustainability.

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Section: Effects Of Covid-19 Pandemic On Wmas' Operational Activities and Wildlife Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wildlife Management Areas in Tanzania: Vulnerability and Survival Amidst COVID-19

Shoo¹,

Mtui²,

Kimaro³

et al. 2021

Managing Wildlife in a Changing World

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In this way illegal extraction of natural resources can be reduced and overall law enforcement costs minimized [42]. As described by [16], local community participation is key and integral to the effec- tiveness and efficiency of law enforcement operations in order to address the current wave of wildlife crime in Africa. A further study done by [43] highlighted the importance of strengthening community-ranger relations as a strategy to enhance efficiency in law enforcement operations in wildlife protected areas of Uganda.…”

Section: Efficiency Estimatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, most of these efficiencies studies in wildlife law enforcement have largely concentrated on anti-poaching patrols with specific focus on deterrent and detection of illegal activities [14]. However, the scope of wildlife law enforcement does not end with anti-poaching patrol efforts, it also includes the chain of intelligence, investigations, prosecution and court proceedings [15] [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of Economic Efficiency of Wildlife Law Enforcement in Serengeti Ecosystem Tanzania

Nyanghura¹,

Abdallah²

2023

JEP

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Law enforcement remains to be the main strategy used to combat poaching and account for high budget share in protected area management. Studies on efficiency of wildlife law enforcement in the protected areas are limited. This study analyzed economic efficiency of wildlife law enforcement in terms of resource used and output generated using three different protected areas (PAs) of Serengeti ecosystem namely Serengeti National Park (SENAPA), Ikorongo/Grumeti Game Reserves (IGGR) and Ikona Wildlife Management Area (IWMA). Three years (2010-2012) monthly data on wildlife law enforcement inputs and outputs were collected from respective PAs authorities and supplemented with key informant interviews and secondary data. Questionnaire surveys were conducted to wildlife law enforcement staff. Shadow prices for non-marketed inputs were estimated, and market prices for marketed inputs. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was used to estimate economic efficiency using Variable Return to Scale (VRS) and Constant Return to Scale (CCR) assumptions. Results revealed that wildlife law enforcement in all PAs was economically inefficient, with less inefficiency observed in IWMA. The less inefficiency in IWMA is likely attributed to existing sense of ownership and responsibility created through community-based conservation which resulted in to decrease in law enforcement costs. A slacks evaluation revealed a potential to reduce fuel consumption, number of patrol vehicles, ration and prosecution efforts at different magnitudes between studied protected areas. There is equal potential to recruit more rangers while maintaining the resting time. These finding forms the bases for monitoring and evaluation with respect to resource usage to enhance efficiency. It is further recommended to enhance community participation in conservation in SENAPA and IGGR to lower law enforcement costs.

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Wildlife law enforcement in Sub-Saharan African protected areas : a review of best practices

Cited by 2 publications

References 8 publications

Wildlife Management Areas in Tanzania: Vulnerability and Survival Amidst COVID-19

Wildlife Management Areas in Tanzania: Vulnerability and Survival Amidst COVID-19

Analysis of Economic Efficiency of Wildlife Law Enforcement in Serengeti Ecosystem Tanzania

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