Wildlife population management  are contraceptive vaccines a feasible proposition

Gupta, Satish Kumar; Minhas, Vidisha

doi:10.2741/s492

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Vaccines against immunocastration can effectively suppress the reproductive function of farm animals [ 1 , 2 ], wild animals [ 3 , 4 ] and pets [ 5 ]. We aim to suppress temporarily reproductive function of wild and domestic animals during immunocastration and only restore reproductive ability only when necessary.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reversibility and safety of KISS1 metastasis suppressor gene vaccine in immunocastration of ram lambs

Han

Liu

Jiang

et al. 2018

Asian-Australas J Anim Sci

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ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the reversibility and safety of KISS1 metastasis suppressor (KISS1) gene vaccine in immunocastration.MethodsSix eight-week old ram lambs were randomly divided into vaccinated and control groups. The vaccine (1 mg/ram lamb) was injected at weeks 0, 3, and 6 of the study. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein before primary immunization and at weeks 2, 4, 6, 10, 14, 22, and 30 after primary immunization. All ram lambs were slaughtered at 38 weeks of age, and samples were collected.ResultsThe specific anti-KISS1 antibody titers in vaccinated animals were significantly higher and the serum testosterone level was significantly lower than those in the control groups from week 4 to 14 after primary immunization (p<0.05). No significant difference was observed at weeks 22 and 30 after the primary immunization. Similar results were also found for scrotal circumference, testicular weight, length, breadth, and spermatogenesis in seminiferous tubules in week 30 after primary immunization. KS (KISS1-hepatitis B surface antigen S) fusion fragment of KISS1 gene vaccine was not detected in host cell genomic DNA of 9 tissues of the vaccinated ram lambs by polymerase chain reaction.ConclusionThe effects of KISS1 gene vaccine in immunocastration were reversible and no integration events were recorded.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reversibility and safety of KISS1 metastasis suppressor gene vaccine in immunocastration of ram lambs

Han

Liu

Jiang

et al. 2018

Asian-Australas J Anim Sci

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“…Vaccination against the oocyte's zona pellucida, which is effective as long as antibody titers exist, may also not be ideal for a group of free-roaming horses where managers want to retain fertility of horses long-term. Initial boosters, followed by annual booster vaccinations, are required for consistent duration of efficacy and would require repeated capture events (Gupta and Minhas 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of a Y‐Design Silastic Elastomer Intrauterine Device as a Horse Contraceptive

et al. 2021

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To successfully manage population growth rates of free-roaming horses (Equus ferus caballus), an effective, long-acting contraceptive could be beneficial. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of an intrauterine device (IUD) in a breeding trial using seasonal pasture assemblages of 2 males individually pastured in large enclosures (~81 ha) each with 10 females per male. The study took place at a large animal research facility at Oklahoma State University in Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA. Specific objectives of the study were to evaluate the effectiveness of IUDs in preventing pregnancy over 20.5 months with return to fertility assessed over the subsequent 6 months and to evaluate potential effects of this IUD on ovarian function and uterine health (e.g., endometrial inflammation, infection, fibrosis). We developed a Y-design IUD, made of silastic elastomer, and set the desired retention rate at 75%. After procurement of endometrial biopsies, we inserted IUDs into the uteri of 20 females and examined them via transrectal ultrasound every 2 weeks for detection of the device and assessment of uterine health. After 20.5 months we removed the remaining 15 IUDs, obtained a second endometrial biopsy for comparision, and returned the females to their respective males for continued breeding in efforts to assess uterine return to health as indicated by pregnancy rates. The Y-design IUD met the 75% retention rate goal, with 100% contraception in females that retained the device; 12 of 20 treated females became pregnant (i.e. returned to fertility) after removal of the IUD. Based on these results, we conclude that the Y-design IUD is a safe and effective device to control fertility in free-roaming horses.

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“…Emerging wildlife diseases can quickly have profound broad-scale impacts, including ecological disturbance, economic and agricultural impacts, and even human losses [4,5]. The rapid detection of novel wildlife diseases is thus crucial, and often requires an interdisciplinary approach, including for instance morphological and genetic investigations, ecological assessments, and management consultations [5][6][7]. However, when diseases emerge in wildlife organisms, their detection is not easy and some pathogens may remain unnoticed till their spreading becomes difficult to control [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Disease Caused by an Unidentified Etiological Agent Affects European Salamanders

Manenti

Mercurio

Melotto

et al. 2022

Animals

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New pathologies are causing dramatic declines and extinctions of multiple amphibian species. In 2013, in one fire salamander population of Northern Italy, we found individuals with undescribed cysts at the throat level, a malady whose existence has not previously been reported in amphibians. With the aim of describing this novel disease, we performed repeated field surveys to assess the frequency of affected salamanders from 2014 to 2020, and integrated morphological, histological, and molecular analyses to identify the pathogen. The novel disease affected up to 22% of salamanders of the study population and started spreading to nearby populations. Cysts are formed by mucus surrounding protist-like cells about 30 µm long, characterized by numerous cilia/undulipodia. Morphological and genetic analyses did not yield a clear match with described organisms. The existence of this pathogen calls for the implementation of biosecurity protocols and more studies on the dynamics of transmission and the impact on wild populations.

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Wildlife population management are contraceptive vaccines a feasible proposition

Cited by 15 publications

References 48 publications

Reversibility and safety of KISS1 metastasis suppressor gene vaccine in immunocastration of ram lambs

Reversibility and safety of KISS1 metastasis suppressor gene vaccine in immunocastration of ram lambs

Efficacy of a Y‐Design Silastic Elastomer Intrauterine Device as a Horse Contraceptive

A New Disease Caused by an Unidentified Etiological Agent Affects European Salamanders

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