Wildlife Tuberculosis: A Systematic Review of the Epidemiology in Iberian Peninsula

Santos, Nuno; Correia-Neves, Margarida; Almeida, Virgílio; Gortázar, Christian

doi:10.5772/33781

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Animal tuberculosis (TB) is a worldwide zoonotic disease caused principally by Mycobacterium bovis, a member of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) that infects a wide range of domestic and wildlife species [1]. Because of its impact on public health and economic losses in livestock industry, eradication programs in cattle have been implemented in Europe through the last decades [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors associated to a high Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex seroprevalence in wild boar (Sus scrofa) from a low bovine tuberculosis prevalence area

et al. 2020

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Animal tuberculosis is a worldwide zoonotic disease caused principally by Mycobacterium bovis, a member of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC). In southern Iberian Peninsula, wild reservoirs such as the wild boar, among other factors, have prevented the eradication of bovine tuberculosis. However, most of the studies have been focused on south-central Spain, where the prevalence of tuberculosis is high among wild ungulates and cattle herds. In northern regions, where wild boar density and bovine tuberculosis prevalence are lower, fewer studies have been carried out and the role of this species is still under debate. The aim of this study was to describe the temporal and spatial distribution of antibodies against MTC in wild boar from the Basque Country, northern Spain. Sera from 1902 animals were collected between 2010 and 2016. The seroprevalence was determined with an in house enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the search of risk factors was assessed by Generalized Linear Models. Overall, 17% of wild boars (326/1902; 95%CI, [15.5%-18.9%]) showed antibodies against MTC. Risk factors associated with seropositivity were the year and location of sampling, the number of MTC positive cattle, the distance to positive farms and the percentage of shrub cover. Younger age classes were associated with increased antibody titres among seropositive individuals. The seroprevalence detected was higher than those previously reported in neighbouring regions. Hence, further studies are needed to better understand the role of wild boar in the epidemiology of tuberculosis in low tuberculosis prevalence areas and consequently, its relevance when developing control strategies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors associated to a high Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex seroprevalence in wild boar (Sus scrofa) from a low bovine tuberculosis prevalence area

et al. 2020

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“…This, together with the apparent higher susceptibility of red deer, expressed by the higher proportion of multiple lesions, and the possible higher potential for excretion of the disease agent, denoted by the location of lesions, are all consistent with the prominent role for red deer in the epidemiology of bTB. Their role can be exacerbated by the environmental contamination with mycobacteria, particularly at watering sites, and other indirect routes, which could also play a role in disease transmission (Santos et al., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the role of wild boar and red deer in the epidemiology of bTB in the different epidemiological contexts is not yet clear. Some authors regard these species as maintenance hosts (where infection can persist without external source), while others consider them as accidental or dead end hosts (infection disappears when disease eliminated from external source) (Aranaz et al., ; Gortázar et al., ; Duarte et al., ; Cunha et al., ; Santos et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors that InfluenceMycobacterium bovisInfection in Red Deer and Wild Boar in an Epidemiological Risk Area for Tuberculosis of Game Species in Portugal

Madeira

Manteigas²,

Ribeiro

et al. 2015

Transbound Emerg Dis

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Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a worldwide zoonotic disease of domestic and wild animals. Eradication has proved elusive in those countries with intensive national programmes but with ongoing transmission between wildlife and cattle. In Portugal, a high-risk area for bTB was defined and specific measures implemented to assess and minimize the risk from wildlife. Data from the 2011 to 2014 hunting seasons for red deer (Cervus elaphus) and wild boar (Sus scrofa) were analysed with bovine demographic and bTB information to assess factors that determined the occurrence and distribution of bTB in both species. The likelihood of bTB-like lesions in wild boar was positively associated with density of red deer, wild boar and cattle, while for red deer, only their density and age were significant factors. The likelihood of Mycobacterium bovis isolation in wild boar was associated with density of cattle and red deer and also with the anatomical location of lesions, while for red deer, none of the variables tested were statistically significant. Our results suggest that, in the study area, the role of red deer and wild boar may be different from the one previously suggested by other authors for the Iberian Peninsula, as red deer may be the driving force behind M. bovis transmission to wild boar. These findings may assist the official services and game managing bodies for the management of hunting zones, what could also impact the success of the bTB eradication programme.

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“…Some cases of TB transmission to wild carnivores are described in the literature (Santos et al 2012;Viljoen et al 2015). Other studies also show that certain carnivorous species, including coyotes, may be used to detect tuberculosis (Berentsen et al 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycobacterium caprae transmission to free-living grey wolves (Canis lupus) in the Bieszczady Mountains in Southern Poland

Orłowska

Augustynowicz–Kopeć²,

Krajewska

et al. 2017

Eur J Wildl Res

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The aim of this study was to assess whether animal tuberculosis (TB) is transmitted between free-living European bison (Bison bonasus caucasicus), wild boars (Sus scrofa), and protected carnivores such as grey wolves (Canis lupus), brown bears (Ursus arctos), and Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) in the Bieszczady Mountains in Southern Poland. Results of animal studies suggest that TB transmission from bison or wild boars to grey wolves is possible. These are the first described cases where Mycobacterium caprae was detected in samples collected from grey wolves.

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Wildlife Tuberculosis: A Systematic Review of the Epidemiology in Iberian Peninsula

Cited by 14 publications

References 59 publications

Risk factors associated to a high Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex seroprevalence in wild boar (Sus scrofa) from a low bovine tuberculosis prevalence area

Risk factors associated to a high Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex seroprevalence in wild boar (Sus scrofa) from a low bovine tuberculosis prevalence area

Factors that InfluenceMycobacterium bovisInfection in Red Deer and Wild Boar in an Epidemiological Risk Area for Tuberculosis of Game Species in Portugal

Mycobacterium caprae transmission to free-living grey wolves (Canis lupus) in the Bieszczady Mountains in Southern Poland

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