Will Proton Pump Inhibitors Increase the Risk of Diabetes Mellitus? A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis

Chen, Yue; Hu, Lei; Sun, Chenyu; Bao, Jiantong; Liu, Jie; Bhan, Chandur; Kim, Keun Young; Manem, Raveena; Thapa, Pratikshya; Ma, Shaodi; Liu, Mengqing; Cheng, Xingyu; Cheng, Ce; Zhou, Qin

doi:10.5152/tjg.2022.21480

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 45 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Study heterogeneity, reflecting variations in population characteristics, could also contribute to the disparities in findings. Two recent meta-analyses did not find sufficient evidence of associations between PPI use and risk of IHD 31 and diabetes mellitus 32 , while in the current study, we found significant associations and clear dose–response relationships. We noted that the aforementioned meta-analysis did not include 4 recent cohort or case-control studies 33 – 36 , which all demonstrated a significant association between PPI and risk of developing type-2 diabetes.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 97%

Individualized prevention of proton pump inhibitor related adverse events by risk stratification

Xia,

He,

Smith

et al. 2024

Nat Commun

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are commonly used for gastric acid-related disorders, but their safety profile and risk stratification for high-burden diseases need further investigation. Analyzing over 2 million participants from five prospective cohorts from the US, the UK, and China, we found that PPI use correlated with increased risk of 15 leading global diseases, such as ischemic heart disease, diabetes, respiratory infections, and chronic kidney disease. These associations showed dose-response relationships and consistency across different PPI types. PPI-related absolute risks increased with baseline risks, with approximately 82% of cases occurring in those at the upper 40% of the baseline predicted risk, and only 11.5% of cases occurring in individuals at the lower 50% of the baseline risk. While statistical association does not necessarily imply causation, its potential safety concerns suggest that personalized use of PPIs through risk stratification might guide appropriate decision-making for patients, clinicians, and the public.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 97%

Individualized prevention of proton pump inhibitor related adverse events by risk stratification

Xia,

He,

Smith

et al. 2024

Nat Commun

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…GLP-1 is responsible for delayed gastric emptying, decreased appetite, and insulin and glucagon secretion. Changes in the microbiota can, therefore, affect glucose homeostasis [5,28,29]. Furthermore, damage to the epithelium may also promote the increased entry of bacterial components into the portal circulation.…”

Section: Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, damage to the epithelium may also promote the increased entry of bacterial components into the portal circulation. These phenomena may result in insulin resistance and the development of non-alcoholic liver inflammation [5,28].…”

Section: Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

consequences of long-term therapy with proton pump inhibitors

Drygała,

Wyrwał,

Krasuska

et al. 2024

J Educ Health Sport

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction and purpose: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) were first developed in the late 1970s and introduced to the market in 1989. They are one of the most commonly prescribed medications worldwide. PPIs reduce gastric acid secretion in the stomach by inhibiting the hydrogen-potassium ATPase enzyme. They have revolutionized the treatment of diseases related to excessive stomach acid secretion. Among the drugs belonging to this class, we should mention omeprazole, esomeprazole, pantoprazole, lansoprazole, dexlansoprasole and rabeprazole. A brief description of the state of knowledge: Since the 1990s, the use of proton pump inhibitors has been consistently increasing. Doctors prescribe these drugs more frequently, in higher doses, and for longer durations, although such practices are only sometimes fully justified. Although using them for a short period (less than eight weeks) is relatively safe, there is growing evidence of possible risks linked to their extended use. Many studies highlight the impact of long-term therapy on the development of tumors, deficiencies in micronutrients, the functioning of the skeletal, urinary, nervous, and cardiovascular systems, and the development of infections and diabetes. Summary (conclusions): Indeed, long-term therapy with proton pump inhibitors has an impact on the functioning of the body. Considering the increasing popularity of proton pump inhibitors and their expanding use, it is worth contemplating a more prudent prescription of these drugs by doctors. It should also be noted that the majority of studies are based on prescription PPIs. Future researchers must also take over-the-counter (OTC) medications into account.

show abstract

“…64 Z kolei inne badanie nie potwierdziło statystycznie istotnego wzrostu ryzyka tej jednostki chorobowej w wyniku stosowania IPP. 65 Dlatego w celu weryfikacji dokładnych mechanizmów oddziaływania IPP na trzustkę, istnieje potrzeba przeprowadzenia większej ilości precyzyjnie zaplanowanych badań.…”

Section: Ipp a Trzustkaunclassified

Do the benefits outweigh the risks? Potential dangers associated with long-term therapy of proton pump inhibitors

WOLANIN

ZIELONKA

DENGLER

et al. 2023

J Educ Health Sport

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction:Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are one of the most popular and also one of the most commonly prescribed medications worldwide. In many conditions associated with excessive secretion of hydrochloric acid in the stomach, they are the first-line treatment. When they are used in a balanced manner in strict indications, they have a high level of efficacy and a favorable safety profile. The low rate of side effects refers mainly to their short-term use. With the over-the-counter availability of PPIs, increasing dangerous trend of their abuse has provided new evidence suggesting the presence of numerous, more serious side effects of long-term PPI therapy. Purpose:The purpose of this review is to summarize current reports regarding the potential risks and causal relationship of adverse effects occurring as a consequence of long-term use of proton pump inhibitors. Material and methods:This literature review based on the available scientific literature, published between 2015 and 2023 in the Pubmed database, searched using the terms, listed under "keywords”. Conclusion:PPIs are relatively safe drugs. However, they are not completely free of side effects. There are a lot of reports suggesting a potential connection between their long-term use and the development of complications, such as: various infections, decreased absorption of nutrients, kidney disease, liver disease, pancreatic disease, musculoskeletal disease, nervous system disease, cardiovascular disease, dementia, hypergastrinemia and even cancer. However, some of them are fraught with errors, and another often provide contradictory results. More precisely designed studies are needed to draw clear conclusions, especially in view of the ever-increasing abuse of PPIs worldwide. It is worth noting that patients with strictly defined indications for long-term PPI therapy, may benefit significantly outweighing the potential dangers.

show abstract

Will Proton Pump Inhibitors Increase the Risk of Diabetes Mellitus? A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cited by 5 publications

References 45 publications

Individualized prevention of proton pump inhibitor related adverse events by risk stratification

Individualized prevention of proton pump inhibitor related adverse events by risk stratification

consequences of long-term therapy with proton pump inhibitors

Do the benefits outweigh the risks? Potential dangers associated with long-term therapy of proton pump inhibitors

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About