Why do different people give to different causes? We show that the sympathy inherent to a close relationship with a victim extends to other victims suffering from the same misfortunes that have afflicted their friends and loved ones. Both sympathy and donations are greater among those related to a victim, and they are greater among those in a communal relationship as compared to those in an exchange relationship. Experiments that control for information support causality and rule out the alternative explanation that any effect is driven by the information advantage possessed by friends of victims. The Wharton School uws@wharton.upenn.edu Why do different people give to different causes? We argue that knowing people with specific misfortunes is an important determinant of preference. Four studies demonstrate that knowing a victim increases prosocial behavior directed toward other victims of the same misfortune in the lab and field, for both donated time and money. An experiment shows that the relationship is causal, not due to unobserved heterogeneity. Survey data suggests that knowing a victim decreases social distance and increases perceived responsibility for others' welfare, together fully mediating the effect on prosocial behavior.We would like to thank Rachel Croson, Eli Finkel, Barbara Kahn, George Loewenstein, Jay Russo, Maurice Schweitzer, Jack Soll and Ebonya Washington for valuable comments and suggestions. We would also like to thank