Wimberly-Faulkner-Moxley Questionnaire

Chronic diaphragmatic hernia in the horse

“…Percussion of the present case revealed a dull area ventrally on the thorax, as found by other authors (Sasse and Kalsbeek 1965;Verschooten et al 1977;Wimberly et al 1977;Hill et al 1987;Dieckmann et al 1989). In this case, a change in percussion was noticed 2 years later, probably due to movement of herniated viscera.…”

“…On rectal palpation the abdomen appeared to be 'too empty' which has also been observed by Pearson et al (1977), Wimberly et al (19771, Auer et al (1985), Schmitz et al (1987) and Perdrizet et al (1989). Wimberly et al (1977) and Perdrizet et al (1989) also found that the pelvic flexure could not be located and appeared to have herniated into the thoracic cavity.…”

“…In this case, auscultation revealed muffled cardiac sounds and decreased respiratory sounds ventrally on the thorax on the affected side, caused by herniated loops of bowel lying directly against the thoracic wall. Decreased or no lung sounds have also been observed by Sasse and Kalsbeek (1965), Speirs and Reynolds (1976), Pearson et al (1977), Verschooten et al (1977), Wimberly et al (1977), Auer et al ( , Mair et al (1988, Dieckmann et al (1989) and Perdrizet et al (1989).…”

“…In some cases, there is a history of severe trauma, such as a car accident (Pearson et d . 1977;Wimberly et al 1977;Levine and Myhre 1983;Schmitz et al 1987) or a heavy fall (Bryden 1907;Firth 1976;Hermann et d. 1986;Hill et al 1987). In other cases, evidence of previous trauma, e.g.…”

“…1989), in stallions after mating a mare (Manley 1932;Lancaster et al. 1985) and in pregnant and post-parturient mares (Scott and Fishback 1976;Pearson et al 1977;Verschooten et al 1977;Wimberly et al 1977;Auer et d. 1985). It has been suggested that the gravid uterus may increase intraabdominal pressure, therefore lessening the tolerance of the diaphragm to sudden changes in pressure (Rooney, cited by Firth 1976).…”