Wind energy development in Ontario: a process/product paradox

Thirty years of North American wind energy acceptance research: What have we learned?

“…A more participatory, collaborative planning process may reduce conflict and promote positive community outcomes (Groth & Vogt, 2014;Jami & Walsh, 2017;Songsore & Buzzelli, 2015;Walker et al, 2014c). Some scholars have suggested moving away from a "decide-announce-defend" model of wind facility planning toward a more collaborative, "consult-consider-modify-proceed" process (Phadke, 2013, p. 250).…”

“…Some studies find anticipated economic effects to be the variable most strongly influencing support or opposition to proposed wind developments as well as positive or negative attitudes toward existing sites (Bidwell, 2013;Brannstrom et al, 2011;Slattery et al, 2012;Songsore & Buzzelli, 2015).…”

“…Some studies have shown angst and opposition toward multinational corporate wind developers (Pasqualetti, 2011a;Petrova, 2013), and Firestone and Kempton (2007) demonstrate that support would increase for a proposed wind facility if it were being developed by the local government, rather than a private developer. The inability of local community members to invest or share ownership in wind energy developments has been cited as a factor in negative attitudes (Songsore & Buzzelli, 2015).…”

“…What forms of community-level compensation are preferred? Community investment & ownership models Bolinger, 2005Brannstrom et al, 2011Fast et al, 2016Ferguson-Martin & Hill, 2012Songsore & Buzzelli, 2015Sovacool & Ratan, 2012 More research is needed on this topic in the North American context. How to enable community investment in private developerled wind projects?…”

“…Does this impact differ between onshore and offshore projects? Impacts on electricity rates Baxter et al, 2013Firestone & Kemption, 2007Firestone et al, 2012aPetrova, 2016 Jobs and local economic development Bidwell, 2013Larson & Krannich, 2016Mulvaney et al, 2013a2013bOlson-Hazboun et al, 2016Slattery et al, 2012Songsore & Buzzelli, 2015 How are local economic impacts perceived under more participatory development processes? Distributive justice / costs and benefits Baxter et al, 2013Brannstrom et al, 2011Groth & Vogt, 2014Huesca-Pérez et al, 2016Hirsh & Sovacool, 2013Jami & Walsh, 2017Kempton et al, 2005Larson & Krannich, 2016Pasqualetti, 2011aPetrova, 2013Phadke, 2011Rule, 2014Shaw et al, 2015Slattery et al, 2012Sovacool, 2009 What do developers and communities perceive as best practices for distributive justice?…”