Wind flow patterns about buildings

Peterka, Jon A.; Meroney, Robert N.; Kothari, K.M.

doi:10.1016/0167-6105(85)90031-5

Cited by 86 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…10. Circulation patterns typically developed in the surroundings of high-rise buildings immersed in wind streams with boundary layer characteristics are reproduced numerically (see Peterka et al [71] for detailed information about flow circulation around buildings). A large recirculation zone is generated on the ground in the frontal area of the building, which is formed by fluid masses approaching the upstream wall at altitudes within the range [0, 0.75H], where H is the building height.…”

Section: Reduced Velocity (V /Nw) Along-wind Normalised Displacementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerodynamic and aeroelastic analyses on the CAARC standard tall building model using numerical simulation

Braun

Awruch

2009

Computers & Structures

110

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Section: Reduced Velocity (V /Nw) Along-wind Normalised Displacementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerodynamic and aeroelastic analyses on the CAARC standard tall building model using numerical simulation

Braun

Awruch

2009

Computers & Structures

110

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“…The surface elements considered are square-based, sharp edged blocks, lying normal to the flow, which are generally used in wind-tunnel simulations of idealized urban areas. Many authors have described in detail the flow pattern that occurs around such an object (Castro and Robins 1977;Hunt et al 1978;Peterka et al 1985). In Fig.…”

Section: Idealized Descriptions Of Individual Building Wakesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating Aerodynamic Parameters of Urban-Like Surfaces with Heterogeneous Building Heights

Millward-Hopkins

Tomlin

et al. 2011

Boundary-Layer Meteorol

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There are many geometrical factors than can influence the aerodynamic parameters of urban surfaces and hence the vertical wind profiles found above. The knowledge of these parameters has applications in numerous fields, such as dispersion modelling, wind loading calculations, and estimating the wind energy resource at urban locations. Using quasiempirical modelling, we estimate the dependence of the aerodynamic roughness length and zero-plane displacement for idealized urban surfaces, on the two most significant geometrical characteristics; surface area density and building height variability. A validation of the spatially-averaged, logarithmic wind profiles predicted by the model is carried out, via comparisons with available wind-tunnel and numerical data for arrays of square based blocks of uniform and heterogeneous heights. The model predicts two important properties of the aerodynamic parameters of surfaces of heterogeneous heights that have been suggested by experiments. Firstly, the zero-plane displacement of a heterogeneous array can exceed the surface mean building height significantly. Secondly, the characteristic peak in roughness length with respect to surface area density becomes much softer for heterogeneous arrays compared to uniform arrays, since a variation in building height can prevent a skimming flow regime from occurring. Overall the simple model performs well against available experimental data and may offer more accurate estimates of surface aerodynamic parameters for complex urban surfaces compared to models that do not include height variability.

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“…• At any instant, the velocity decrease in the wind shadow wake is assumed to be constant across the wake with a step change to the external flow velocity at the wake boundary and thus the wake velocity looks like a notch cut out of the surrounding flow (see Figure 1). • The static pressure recovers rapidly enough that the functional form of the wake velocity predicted by the theories of Hunt (1974) and measurements of Peterka et al (1985) can be used. • The effect of wind direction fluctuations on wake spread can be simulated by flapping the instantaneous notch-wake profile back and forth with a Gaussian probability distribution for wind direction fluctuations.…”

Section: Assumptions and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the wind shadow model it is assumed that the pressure recovers rapidly enough that the wake velocity deficit ∆U predicted by the theories of Hunt (1974) and measurements of Peterka et al (1985) can be applied to the very near wake. In our model the decay coefficients for ∆U used to adapt far wake theory to near wakes are derived from measured surface pressures, and implicitly include changes in static pressure.…”

Section: Pressures In Wakesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wind Shadow Model for Air Infiltration Sheltering by Upwind Obstacles

1996

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A wind shadow model has been developed to calculate the wind sheltering effects of upwind obstacles for air infiltration calculations. This effect must be determined for infiltration calculations because, in almost all situations, only the unobstructed mean wind speed is known for a building site. This model has adapted the theoretical calculation procedures developed for far wake centerline velocity deficit calculations to near field flows, where shelter has a significant effect. The model uses the concept of a wind shadow projected downstream by upwind buildings to determine the effect of wake velocity reduction on building surfaces. The turbulent nature of the wake is accounted for by "flapping" the wake over a range of wind directions. The effectiveness of this model in accounting for sheltering effects in infiltration calculations has been examined by comparing infiltration model predictions including the wind shadow model to measured data from a row of test houses. The measured data covered a wide range of wind speeds, wind directions and leakage distributions by using over 5000 hours of infiltration measurements from five houses.

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Wind flow patterns about buildings

Cited by 86 publications

References 3 publications

Aerodynamic and aeroelastic analyses on the CAARC standard tall building model using numerical simulation

Aerodynamic and aeroelastic analyses on the CAARC standard tall building model using numerical simulation

Estimating Aerodynamic Parameters of Urban-Like Surfaces with Heterogeneous Building Heights

Wind Shadow Model for Air Infiltration Sheltering by Upwind Obstacles

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