Wind Gust Parameters in the Lower Troposphere Based on Doppler Lidar Data

Abstract

Wind gusts are a sudden, brief increase in wind speed, which may not only lead to severe weather events such as lake overturning, blowing snow, and low visibility, but also overload large wind turbines and threaten aircraft safety during the takeoff and landing phases (

Comparison of Spring Wind Gusts in the Eastern Part of the Tibetan Plateau and along the Coast: The Role of Turbulence

“…This indicates that both the mean wind and the turbulence affect the wind gusts. However, strong turbulence conditions can produce higher wind gusts than weak turbulence conditions at the same mean wind speed, which supports our previous experiments [41].…”

“…A possible explanation is that a strong mean wind reduces the turbulence intensity.This indicates that both the mean wind and the turbulence affect the wind gusts. However, strong turbulence conditions can produce higher wind gusts than weak turbulence conditions at the same mean wind speed, which supports our previous experiments[41].As discussed above, turbulence and mean winds jointly influence the development of wind gusts, which may explain the different gust characteristics between Xining and Qingdao. These two sites are in the eastern part of the Tibetan Plateau and the coastal area, respectively, and their background wind and turbulence activities need to be analyzed to further explain the reasons for the differences in wind gusts between Xining and Qingdao.Figures7 and 8show the average wind speed and wind direction at different height levels in Qingdao and Xining, respectively.…”

“…A possible limitation of our method is that removing isolated points of poor continuity may also filter out strong turbulence signals. However, as a previous experiment [41] has discussed, this does not significantly affect the results.…”

“…Previous studies have shown that wind gusts have different properties in the vertical direction and vary greatly with diurnal conditions [6,36,41,55]. In this study, we analyzed the gust parameters and their diurnal variation at different heights at the two sites (Figures 3 and 4).…”

Concurrence of Temperature and Humidity Inversions in Winter in Qingdao, China

“…We believe that the formation of fog and low clouds can enhance the absorption of longwave radiation from the surface (Stanhill, 2011; Vaquero‐Martínez et al., 2020), thereby increasing the temperature gradient. The negative radiative flux from the dry ground and the positive radiative flux from the bottom of HI could enhance or trigger the development of SBTI, as already suggested in a few past studies (Banta et al., 1993; Miller et al., 2003; Naakka et al., 2018; Wood & Bretherton, 2006; Zhou et al., 2023). It may provide insight into the mechanism and forecast of fog in winter in coastal areas, and deepen the understanding of meteorological processes in the boundary layer.…”