Wind speed variability over Iran and its impact on wind power potential: a case study for Esfehan Province

Abstract

According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), there is a need to carry out in-depth research into the potential for renewable energy as part of international efforts to combat climate change and reduce dependency on fossil fuels. The purpose of this study is to examine long-term wind speed variability using seasonal and annual wind speed data at 32 Iranian synoptic stations from 1960 to 2005 to assess if wind power is a plausible source of renewable energy for Iran. Least-square regression methods and the Kruskal-Wallis test were used to determine the trends and decadal changes in wind speed.Esfehan province was selected for assessment of the impacts on wind power potential owing to its progressive and forward thinking in exploration of renewable energy. Wind power potential was estimated by fitting a hybrid of the Weibull distribution to the 3 hourly wind data.This assessment revealed a declining trend in annual wind speeds in the central part of Iran and an increasing trend near the Iranian borders during the study period. The patterns on seasonal and annual scales were generally similar.The results indicated a similar pattern of wind power variation for stations in Esfehan province, except Ardestan. The monthly wind power potential from November to January and from February to May may be representative of the low and high periods of wind energy, respectively. Consequently, despite the existence of wind speed variability and general declining trends across Esfehan province, wind energy may be explored further over the coming years by employing modern wind turbines that require lower start-up speeds.

Homogenization and Assessment of Observed Near-Surface Wind Speed Trends over Spain and Portugal, 1961–2011*

“…An unexpected outcome of this has been the widespread decline in measured near-surface wind speed (termed ''global stilling''; Roderick et al 2007). This has been reported in the United States (Klink 1999;Pryor et al 2009), China (Xu et al 2006;Guo et al 2011), Australia (McVicar et al 2008, the Netherlands (Smits et al 2005), Czech Republic (Br azdil et al 2009), and Iran (Rahimzadeh et al 2011), among many other locations (McVicar et al 2012a, and the references therein). Positive wind speed trends have also been found for specific regions that are usually coastal and/or high latitudes (Pinard 2007), even though McVicar et al (2012a) confirmed that terrestrial stilling is a widespread phenomenon across much of the globe.…”

Recent trends in wind speed across Saudi Arabia, 1978–2013: a break in the stilling

“…Furthermore, Dinpashoh () showed a non‐trending change of wind speed across Iran (22 sites) for 1966–2005, whereas Rahimzadeh et al . () reported a slowdown of −0.160 m s −1 dec −1 across Iran (32 sites) for 1960–2005. Mahowald et al .…”

The variability and trends of monthly maximum wind speed over Iran

“…1). This country is one of the world's most mountainous countries, with its landscape dominated by rugged mountain ranges and populous western and northern part is the most mountainous, with ranges such as the Zagros and the Alborz Mountains (Rahimzadeh et al, 2011).…”